中国生态用海管理发展初探

发布时间：2018-12-12 18:56

【摘要】：自20世纪90年代至今,我国的海域管理经历了从无章可循到有法可依、从盲目开发到合理规划、从过度开发到倡导生态用海的一系列转变和进步。基于我国国情及海域开发利用特征,本文阐述了"生态用海"理念的发展、内涵、制度基础,着重梳理了我国区域建设用海规划、海岸线保护与利用、海洋生态红线等方面的生态用海管理新规,最后从生态建设、生态保护、合理布局、节约资源、整治修复五个方面提出贯彻落实"生态用海"管理理念的建议。以绿色发展理念统筹海洋开发与保护,构建"生态+海洋管理"方式,开辟基于生态系统的海洋综合管理新途径,已成为目前我国海域管理的新准则,为我国从根本上解决海洋资源过度消耗、生态环境形势严峻等问题指明了方向。
[Abstract]:Since the 1990s, China's sea area management has experienced a series of changes and progress from no rules to law, from blind development to rational planning, from over-exploitation to advocating ecological use of the sea. Based on the national conditions of our country and the characteristics of sea area exploitation and utilization, this paper expounds the development, connotation and institutional basis of the concept of "ecological use of sea", and emphatically combs the planning for regional construction of China, the protection and utilization of coastline, Finally, the paper puts forward some suggestions for carrying out the management idea of "ecological use of sea" from five aspects: ecological construction, ecological protection, rational distribution, saving resources and remediation. Using the concept of green development to coordinate marine development and protection, to construct "ecological ocean management", and to open up a new way of integrated ocean management based on ecosystem, has become a new standard of sea area management in our country at present. It points out the direction of solving the problems of excessive consumption of marine resources and severe ecological environment in China.
【作者单位】：中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院;国家海洋局海洋咨询中心;
【基金】：国家海洋规划专项项目“海洋资源环境承载力和海洋生态脆弱性及生态重要性评价指标体系研究”(20160244)阶段性成果
【分类号】：P74;X321

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