中国城市热岛时空特征及其影响因子的分析

发布时间：2018-12-25 13:14

【摘要】：全球气候变暖背景下,城市热岛效应会加重城市地区的热胁迫,对人类健康和生存发展提出严峻挑战.近年来我国雾-霾污染情况严重,但雾-霾对城市热岛影响的认识仍较匮乏.本研究基于MODIS遥感卫星地表温度数据,明确了我国2003~2013年白天、夜间以及四季城市热岛的空间变化,并从生物物理学和生物化学角度定量分析其控制机制.结果表明,影响我国白天城市热岛强度的主要因素为人口、农田灌溉和植被活动.纬度、降水量、反照率以及气溶胶浓度是夜间城市热岛强度的主控因子.从对比城乡粗糙度、反照率等生物物理学属性的角度,揭示了乡村背景环境对城市热岛分析的重要影响.结果表明,雾-霾治理可以缓解我国夜间城市热岛现象和热胁迫,有利于缓解区域甚至全球气候变化.
[Abstract]:Under the background of global warming, the urban heat island effect will aggravate the heat stress in urban areas and pose a severe challenge to human health and survival and development. In recent years, the situation of fog-haze pollution in China is serious, but the understanding of the influence of fog-haze on urban heat island is still lacking. Based on the surface temperature data of MODIS remote sensing satellite, the spatial changes of urban heat islands in China during 2003 ~ 2013 were determined, and the control mechanism was quantitatively analyzed from the aspects of biophysics and biochemistry. The results show that the main factors affecting the intensity of urban heat island in China during the day are population, farmland irrigation and vegetation activity. Latitude, precipitation, albedo and aerosol concentration are the main factors controlling the intensity of urban heat island at night. Based on the comparison of biophysical properties such as urban and rural roughness and albedo, this paper reveals the important influence of rural background environment on urban heat island analysis. The results showed that the treatment of smog and haze could alleviate the urban heat island phenomenon and heat stress at night in China and help to mitigate regional and even global climate change.
【作者单位】：南京信息工程大学大气环境中心;南京信息工程大学江苏省大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41575147) 江苏省高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD) 教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目(PCSIRT) 江苏省2012年度普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目(CXLX12_0502)
【分类号】：X16

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