安徽省部分农村室内灰尘中汞的分布特征与健康风险评价

发布时间：2018-12-25 18:49

【摘要】：为了解安徽省部分地区农村室内灰尘汞的污染分布特征及其对儿童产生的健康风险,在安徽省11个地级市的农村地区采集灰尘样品132个,采用王水水浴-冷原子荧光法测定灰尘中汞含量;并根据健康风险评价模型,评价室内灰尘中汞对于儿童的健康风险.结果表明,淮南市农村室内灰尘中汞的平均含量高达0.62±0.51 mg·kg-1,显著高于本研究其他地市灰尘中汞含量;与土壤背景值相比,各研究区室内灰尘中汞均存在一定程度的积累,以淮南市、阜阳市较为严重,分别超过背景值25.87和11.21倍;安徽省农村地区室内灰尘中汞含量,主要受到燃煤活动影响,受该地的房屋类型、交通类型因素影响较小;对于儿童的4种途径的平均日暴露量存在差异,呈现出:蒸气吸入手-口摄入皮肤接触呼吸吸入;各地市农村室内灰尘汞对儿童的健康风险系数均小于1,在安全阈值内,非致癌风险较小.但淮南市、阜阳市、六安市风险指数较高,应加以重视.
[Abstract]:In order to understand the distribution characteristics of mercury pollution in indoor dust and the health risks to children in some rural areas of Anhui Province, 132 dust samples were collected in rural areas of 11 prefecture-level cities in Anhui Province. The mercury content in dust was determined by Wang Shui water bath and cold atomic fluorescence spectrometry. According to the health risk assessment model, the health risk of mercury in indoor dust to children was evaluated. The results showed that the average content of mercury in indoor dust of Huainan city was as high as 0.62 卤0.51 mg kg-1, which was significantly higher than that in other cities of Huainan city. Compared with soil background value, mercury accumulation in indoor dust of each study area was serious in Huainan city and Fuyang city, which was 25.87 and 11.21 times higher than background value respectively. The content of mercury in indoor dust in rural areas of Anhui Province is mainly affected by coal-burning activities, and is less affected by the types of houses and traffic types in this area. The average daily exposure to the four pathways in children was different, showing that: (1) Steam inhalation, hand to mouth intake, skin contact and respiratory inhalation; The health risk coefficient of mercury in rural indoor dust was less than 1, and the non-carcinogenic risk was lower in the safety threshold. But Huainan City, Fuyang City, Lu'an City risk index is high, should pay attention to.
【作者单位】：安徽师范大学国土资源与旅游学院;安徽自然灾害过程与防控研究省级实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(41371480)资助~~
【分类号】：X513;X823

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