高效层叠式除油器设计
发布时间：2018-12-25 20:44
【摘要】：在油田石油化工产业中,在工艺流程中的很多环节都会产生含油废水,在采油厂每天运转的抽油设备采出的原油、石化行业炼油过程、成品油储存运输及其他行业产生含油废水,机械加工使用的冷却液、钢铁厂轧钢水,以及农副食品加工等的废水中都含有大量的油。油水分离技术在上述领域的应用非常广泛。在油田油水分离工艺流程中,在同样的进液条件和出水指标条件下,新型除油设备的体积相比污水沉降罐除油工艺大幅减少,降低除油设备运营成本,运行稳定、排泥便捷,取代现行的大罐除油设备,达到国际领先水平。当含油水混合液没有进行油水分离将其排入到自然环境中会对生态系统及自然环境造成严重影响。如混合液流到湖泊中产生的可浮油,在水体表面产生一种阻碍大气复氧的油膜后,隔绝了水体中氧气的来源,以致水中的浮游生物和鱼类无法存活。在改造工程中应用层叠式除油器比传统立式沉降储罐缩短了沉降周期,周期缩短近35%。提高了工作效率,使整个联合站的油水处理流程更加快速。在改造工程中应用此设备每年可节省各项费用数十万元,同时可以将油水分离后的油和水进行再利用实现经济效益。在国内外水处理的主要方法包含有重力分离、气浮、粗粒化及加混合药剂法等。最近十年来,最常用的简单立式沉降罐物理作为重力分离法一种的除油方法,其特点是油水分离后不会产生二次污染,产品工艺简单运行成本低,是中外学者研究的热点。采用重力分离方法能除去最小粒直径为60μm油珠。而近几年来新出现的多层波纹板除油器己经可以除区最小粒径降为40μm的油珠。如果将聚结分离法与重力分离法相结合,选择合适的波纹板材,采用波纹板聚结技术,并对两种类型除油器结构进一步改进合并,对于使用重力除油方法处理油水分离会有显著效果。波纹板聚结除油之所以有优异的除油效果,主要归结于两方面:立式层叠式除油器其经济性、稳定性都很高。在未来的发展中,制定合理有效的工艺参数和结构,脱水除油效果显著,能量综合利用率提高,工艺流程简化,在工艺和技术设计改造中将会被广泛的推广使用。应用现有的油水分离处理技术进行分析,对每种处理方法进行总结找出各自的除油特点。并根据此次设计针对高效、节能的初衷,找出适合的除油方法。并进行数据分析。本人参加了为某采油厂扩建工程设计一套既节省空间又高效的除油装置开发工作。通过对油水沉降罐的设计制造和对多相分离器的研发情况调研,比较两种形式除油设备的共性特点和各自的优点,设计运行成本低高效节能的新型装置,使除油效率明显提升。通过对产品进行不断优化设计,可以进一步提高油水分离的效率。本项目的研究对整个除油系统的工艺流程,设备的结构有了更深入的了解。
[Abstract]:In the oil field petrochemical industry, many links in the process flow will produce oily wastewater. Crude oil produced by the pumping equipment operating daily in the oil extraction plant and the refining process in the petrochemical industry. Oil storage transportation and other industries produce oily wastewater the coolant used in mechanical processing steel mill rolling water and agricultural and auxiliary food processing wastewater all contain a large amount of oil. Oil-water separation technology is widely used in the above fields. In the process flow of oil-water separation in oil field, under the same conditions of injection and effluent, the volume of the new deoiling equipment is greatly reduced compared with the deoiling process of the sewage settling tank, and the operation cost of the deoiling equipment is reduced, the operation is stable, and the mud discharge is convenient. Replace the current large tank oil removal equipment, to achieve international leading level. When the oil-water mixture is not separated into the natural environment, it will have a serious impact on the ecosystem and the natural environment. For example, the oil slick produced by the mixed liquid flowing into the lake produces a kind of oil film on the water surface which hinders the atmospheric reoxygenation, thus isolating the source of oxygen in the water, so that the plankton and fish in the water cannot survive. Compared with the traditional vertical settling tank, the application layer stacked oil remover shortens the settling period and shortens the period by nearly 35%. The work efficiency is improved and the oil and water treatment process of the whole joint station is faster. This equipment can save hundreds of thousands of yuan in cost every year, and the oil and water after separating oil and water can be reused to realize economic benefit. The main methods of water treatment at home and abroad include gravity separation, air floatation, coarse granulation and mixed medicament. In the last ten years, the physics of simple vertical settling tank is used as a kind of oil removal method in gravity separation method, which is characterized by the fact that oil and water separation will not produce secondary pollution, and the simple operation cost of the product is low, which is a hot research topic of scholars both at home and abroad. The minimum particle diameter of 60 渭 m can be removed by gravity separation. In recent years, the new multilayer corrugated plate oil remover has been used to reduce the minimum diameter of oil droplets to 40 渭 m. If the coalescence separation method is combined with the gravity separation method, the suitable corrugated plate is selected, the corrugated plate coalescence technique is adopted, and the structure of the two types of oil remover is further improved and merged. The method of gravity deoiling can be used to treat the separation of oil and water. The reason why corrugated coalescence deoiling has excellent oil removal effect is mainly attributed to two aspects: vertical laminated oil remover has high economy and high stability. In the future, reasonable and effective process parameters and structures should be formulated, dehydration and oil removal efficiency will be remarkable, energy utilization ratio will be improved, technological process will be simplified, and it will be widely used in process and technical design and transformation. The existing oil and water separation treatment technology is applied to analyze and summarize each treatment method to find out their own characteristics of oil removal. And according to the design of high-efficiency, energy-saving original intention, find out the suitable method of oil removal. And carry on the data analysis. I participated in the design of a space-saving and efficient deoiling device for an extension project of an oil production plant. By investigating the design and manufacture of oil-water settling tank and the research and development of multiphase separator, this paper compares the common characteristics and respective advantages of the two kinds of oil removing equipment, and designs a new type of equipment with low operating cost, high efficiency and energy saving, which can obviously improve the efficiency of oil removal. The efficiency of oil-water separation can be further improved by continuously optimizing the product design. The research of this project has a deeper understanding of the process flow and equipment structure of the whole oil removal system.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE937;X741
，
本文编号：2391623
[Abstract]:In the oil field petrochemical industry, many links in the process flow will produce oily wastewater. Crude oil produced by the pumping equipment operating daily in the oil extraction plant and the refining process in the petrochemical industry. Oil storage transportation and other industries produce oily wastewater the coolant used in mechanical processing steel mill rolling water and agricultural and auxiliary food processing wastewater all contain a large amount of oil. Oil-water separation technology is widely used in the above fields. In the process flow of oil-water separation in oil field, under the same conditions of injection and effluent, the volume of the new deoiling equipment is greatly reduced compared with the deoiling process of the sewage settling tank, and the operation cost of the deoiling equipment is reduced, the operation is stable, and the mud discharge is convenient. Replace the current large tank oil removal equipment, to achieve international leading level. When the oil-water mixture is not separated into the natural environment, it will have a serious impact on the ecosystem and the natural environment. For example, the oil slick produced by the mixed liquid flowing into the lake produces a kind of oil film on the water surface which hinders the atmospheric reoxygenation, thus isolating the source of oxygen in the water, so that the plankton and fish in the water cannot survive. Compared with the traditional vertical settling tank, the application layer stacked oil remover shortens the settling period and shortens the period by nearly 35%. The work efficiency is improved and the oil and water treatment process of the whole joint station is faster. This equipment can save hundreds of thousands of yuan in cost every year, and the oil and water after separating oil and water can be reused to realize economic benefit. The main methods of water treatment at home and abroad include gravity separation, air floatation, coarse granulation and mixed medicament. In the last ten years, the physics of simple vertical settling tank is used as a kind of oil removal method in gravity separation method, which is characterized by the fact that oil and water separation will not produce secondary pollution, and the simple operation cost of the product is low, which is a hot research topic of scholars both at home and abroad. The minimum particle diameter of 60 渭 m can be removed by gravity separation. In recent years, the new multilayer corrugated plate oil remover has been used to reduce the minimum diameter of oil droplets to 40 渭 m. If the coalescence separation method is combined with the gravity separation method, the suitable corrugated plate is selected, the corrugated plate coalescence technique is adopted, and the structure of the two types of oil remover is further improved and merged. The method of gravity deoiling can be used to treat the separation of oil and water. The reason why corrugated coalescence deoiling has excellent oil removal effect is mainly attributed to two aspects: vertical laminated oil remover has high economy and high stability. In the future, reasonable and effective process parameters and structures should be formulated, dehydration and oil removal efficiency will be remarkable, energy utilization ratio will be improved, technological process will be simplified, and it will be widely used in process and technical design and transformation. The existing oil and water separation treatment technology is applied to analyze and summarize each treatment method to find out their own characteristics of oil removal. And according to the design of high-efficiency, energy-saving original intention, find out the suitable method of oil removal. And carry on the data analysis. I participated in the design of a space-saving and efficient deoiling device for an extension project of an oil production plant. By investigating the design and manufacture of oil-water settling tank and the research and development of multiphase separator, this paper compares the common characteristics and respective advantages of the two kinds of oil removing equipment, and designs a new type of equipment with low operating cost, high efficiency and energy saving, which can obviously improve the efficiency of oil removal. The efficiency of oil-water separation can be further improved by continuously optimizing the product design. The research of this project has a deeper understanding of the process flow and equipment structure of the whole oil removal system.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE937;X741
，
本文编号：2391623
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