锌冶炼废渣的综合利用及工艺设计

发布时间：2019-01-01 09:06

【摘要】：近年来,我国的锌冶炼行业增长迅速,总产量连续多年位居世界第一,然而在锌产能飞速发展的同时,锌冶炼废渣的处理问题也逐步凸现,由于受传统工艺和经营方式所限,大量的废渣弃于地表,占用土地,污染环境,造成资源浪费,而在这些废渣中又含有大量的有价金属元素,可成为重要的二次资源,因此综合利用这些废渣中的有价金属,是有色金属工业环保工作中的一项非常重要的任务。本文以浸锌渣为原料,探究了综合利用其中的金、银、铟、硫和铁的方法,通过单因素实验确定了最佳条件:1)锻烧实验:锻烧温度:700℃,煅烧时间:2.0 h,CaCl2的加入量:6%; 2)碱浸除硅实验:液固比:4:1,碱浸温度:120℃,氢氧化钠的浓度:12 mol/L,碱浸时间:2.0 h; 3)浸出提银实验:液固比3:1,浸金剂用量:0.5 %,亚硫酸钠0.09mol/L,氨水浓度0.8 mol/L,硫酸铜浓度:0.038 mol/L,pH≥11,浸出时间:6 h。在上述条件下,金、银、铟的回收率分别高达96.90 %、89.38 %和95.65 %,硫的利用率也达到71.12%,经碳酸钠溶液吸收做成亚硫酸钠,最终产品氧化铁红中氧化铁含量达到了 82.50%,达到了国标B类型的要求。总体来说,整个实验实现了浸锌渣的综合利用。本文进行了年处理9000吨浸锌渣综合利用项目的工艺设计。首先在工艺流程确定的基础上对各工段的单元操作进行了物料衡算,绘制了物料流程图(PFD),同时对典型的换热设备进行了热量衡算;其次根据物料和热量衡算进行了设备选型,确定了主要设备的规格型号并汇总得到设备一览表;同时对典型设备进行控制方案的设计,绘制了管道及仪表流程图(PID);最后完成了车间设备的布置设计。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the zinc smelting industry in our country has been growing rapidly, and the total output has been ranked first in the world for many years. However, with the rapid development of zinc production capacity, the treatment of zinc smelting waste residue has gradually emerged, which is limited by the traditional technology and management mode. A large amount of waste residue is discarded on the surface of the earth, occupies land, pollutes the environment, causes waste of resources, and contains a large amount of valuable metal elements in these wastes, which can become an important secondary resource. Therefore, the valuable metals in these wastes can be comprehensively utilized. Is a nonferrous metal industry environmental protection work in a very important task. In this paper, the method of comprehensive utilization of gold, silver, indium, sulfur and iron from zinc leaching slag was studied. The optimum conditions were determined by single factor experiment: 1) forging experiment: forging temperature: 700 鈩，

本文编号：2397321