北京市区表层土壤稀土元素空间分布特征研究
发布时间：2019-01-01 17:31
【摘要】：土壤稀土元素作为反映土壤污染的指标之一,识别其空间分布特征及来源对于客观评价城市表层土壤污染水平、制定治理方案具有重要意义。为研究北京市区表层土壤稀土元素的空间分布特征,于2014年3月15日系统采集46个表层土样,并用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪测定10种稀土元素(La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy和Sc)的含量。采用统计分析和地统计方法对北京市区表层土壤稀土元素的变化趋势及空间分布进行研究,并对表层土壤和大气降尘中稀土元素进行Pearson相关性分析,结果表明,(1)北京市区表层土壤呈轻稀土富集型,稀土元素主要污染点位于海淀区周家巷桥和西直门外大街采样点,表层土壤与大气降尘中的稀土元素相关系数介于0.873~0.946之间,相关性显著。总体上,北京市区表层土壤稀土元素污染较轻。(2)各采样点δCe和δEu的变化范围分别为0.85~0.98和0.63~0.82,说明稀土元素Ce无显著异常,稀土元素Eu负异常,亏损较大。(3)大部分稀土元素(La、Ce、Nd、Sm、Gd、Eu和Dy)在东西方向和南北方向均呈现先减少后增加的趋势,最低值出现在东西方向和南北方向的中心位置。(4)富集因子表明北京市区表层土壤中各稀土元素受人为因素影响较小,为弱污染。主成分分析结果表明,煤炭燃烧和汽车尾气的排放,煤炭燃烧、工业生产和农业化肥的使用可能分别是四环线内、外各稀土元素的主要人为来源。
[Abstract]:As one of the indicators to reflect soil pollution, it is important to identify the spatial distribution characteristics and sources of soil rare earth elements in order to objectively evaluate the level of urban surface soil pollution and to formulate control schemes. In order to study the spatial distribution characteristics of rare earth elements in the surface soil of Beijing urban area, 46 surface earth samples were collected on March 15, 2014, and 10 rare earth elements (La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,) were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). Tb,Dy and Sc. The change trend and spatial distribution of rare earth elements in surface soil of Beijing urban area were studied by means of statistical analysis and geostatistics. Pearson correlation analysis of rare earth elements in surface soil and atmospheric dust was carried out. The main results are as follows: (1) the surface soil of Beijing urban area is enriched with light rare earth elements. The main pollution sites of rare earth elements are located at the sampling points of Zhoujiaxiang Bridge and Xizhimen Street in Haidian District. The correlation coefficient between the surface soil and the rare earth elements in the atmospheric dust fall is between 0.873and 0.946. The correlation is significant. In general, the pollution of rare earth elements in the topsoil of Beijing urban area is relatively light. (2) the range of 未 Ce and 未 Eu in each sampling point are 0.85 ~ 0.98 and 0.63 ~ 0.82, respectively, indicating that there is no significant anomaly of rare earth element Ce, and the rare earth element Eu is negative anomaly. (3) most rare earth elements (La,Ce,Nd,Sm,Gd,Eu and Dy) show a tendency of decreasing first and then increasing in east-west and north-south directions. The lowest values appear in the central position of east-west direction and north-south direction. (4) the enrichment factor indicates that the rare earth elements in the topsoil of Beijing urban area are less affected by human factors and are weak pollution. The results of principal component analysis show that coal combustion and automobile exhaust emissions, coal combustion, industrial production and the use of agricultural chemical fertilizers may be the main human sources of each rare earth element in the four rings.
【作者单位】： 首都师范大学资源环境与地理信息系统北京市重点实验室;城市环境过程与数字模拟国家重点实验室培育基地;
【基金】：国家青年科学基金项目(411014404) 北京市教委科技计划项目(KM201110028013);北京市教委学科建设与研究生教育建设项目(028-145321400)
【分类号】：X53
[Abstract]:As one of the indicators to reflect soil pollution, it is important to identify the spatial distribution characteristics and sources of soil rare earth elements in order to objectively evaluate the level of urban surface soil pollution and to formulate control schemes. In order to study the spatial distribution characteristics of rare earth elements in the surface soil of Beijing urban area, 46 surface earth samples were collected on March 15, 2014, and 10 rare earth elements (La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,) were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). Tb,Dy and Sc. The change trend and spatial distribution of rare earth elements in surface soil of Beijing urban area were studied by means of statistical analysis and geostatistics. Pearson correlation analysis of rare earth elements in surface soil and atmospheric dust was carried out. The main results are as follows: (1) the surface soil of Beijing urban area is enriched with light rare earth elements. The main pollution sites of rare earth elements are located at the sampling points of Zhoujiaxiang Bridge and Xizhimen Street in Haidian District. The correlation coefficient between the surface soil and the rare earth elements in the atmospheric dust fall is between 0.873and 0.946. The correlation is significant. In general, the pollution of rare earth elements in the topsoil of Beijing urban area is relatively light. (2) the range of 未 Ce and 未 Eu in each sampling point are 0.85 ~ 0.98 and 0.63 ~ 0.82, respectively, indicating that there is no significant anomaly of rare earth element Ce, and the rare earth element Eu is negative anomaly. (3) most rare earth elements (La,Ce,Nd,Sm,Gd,Eu and Dy) show a tendency of decreasing first and then increasing in east-west and north-south directions. The lowest values appear in the central position of east-west direction and north-south direction. (4) the enrichment factor indicates that the rare earth elements in the topsoil of Beijing urban area are less affected by human factors and are weak pollution. The results of principal component analysis show that coal combustion and automobile exhaust emissions, coal combustion, industrial production and the use of agricultural chemical fertilizers may be the main human sources of each rare earth element in the four rings.
【作者单位】： 首都师范大学资源环境与地理信息系统北京市重点实验室;城市环境过程与数字模拟国家重点实验室培育基地;
【基金】：国家青年科学基金项目(411014404) 北京市教委科技计划项目(KM201110028013);北京市教委学科建设与研究生教育建设项目(028-145321400)
【分类号】：X53
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