利用有机废水中硫酸盐厌氧脱除其中氨态氮及相关机理研究

发布时间：2019-04-17 07:07

【摘要】：针对有机废水中硫酸盐及氨态氮的同步脱除现象,采用了ASBR及UASB两种试验装置进行机理分析,并使用分子生物学技术对微生物种群结构进行探究.结果表明,从启动ASBR反应器历时100d左右、UASB反应器历时约80d均成功实现了硫酸盐和氨态氮的厌氧同步脱除.进水COD为2 000mg/L、氨氮及SO_4~(2-)-S浓度分别为20mg/L及50 mg/L,ASBR对氨氮及SO_4~(2-)-S的去除效率均在70%以上;UASB对两者的去除效率分别达90%和50%以上;反应所需最适pH为4.52~5.96.污泥中的细菌多为硫酸盐还原功能的短杆菌和弧菌,未发现明确指向的硫酸盐型厌氧氨氧化菌.通过化学计量分析,表明去除的部分SO_4~(2-)通过异养硫酸盐还原转化为S~(2-),另一部分硫酸盐和氨态氮(SO_4~(2-)-S与NH_4~+-N之比接近1∶2)通过硫酸盐厌氧氨氧化转化为硫单质和氮气,单质硫存在于污泥中.在ASBR反应器中硫酸盐型厌氧氨氧化和硫酸盐还原反应对硫酸盐的转化比例约为0.9∶1,而UASB反应器中的比例则约为1.6∶1.说明反应器中硫酸盐还原反应和硫酸盐型厌氧氨氧化反应之间似乎并不关联.本研究为实现生活污水直接厌氧氨氧化奠定了基础.
[Abstract]:The mechanism of simultaneous removal of sulfate and ammonia nitrogen from organic wastewater was analyzed by ASBR and UASB, and the structure of microbial population was studied by using molecular biology technology. The results showed that the anaerobic simultaneous removal of sulfate and ammonia nitrogen was successfully achieved from the start-up of the ASBR reactor for about 100 days and the UASB reactor for about 80 days. The influent COD is 2 000 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen and SO_4~ _ (2 -)-S concentration are 20mg/L and 50 mg/L,ASBR respectively. The removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and SO_4~ _ (2 -)-S is over 70%. The removal efficiency of UASB was more than 90% and 50%, respectively, and the optimum pH for the reaction was 4.52 and 5.96, respectively. Most of the bacteria in sludge were short bacteria and vibrio with sulfate reduction function, and no sulfate anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria were found. The results of stoichiometric analysis showed that the removed part of SO_4~ _ (2 -) was reduced to S2 ~ (2 -) by heterotrophic sulfate reduction. Another part of sulfate and ammonia nitrogen (the ratio of SO_4~ _ (2 -)-S to NH_4~-N is close to 1:2) is converted to sulfur and nitrogen by anaerobic ammonia oxidation of sulfate and sulfur exists in sludge. The conversion ratio of sulfate to sulfate by sulfate anaerobic ammonia oxidation and sulfate reduction reaction in ASBR reactor is about 0.9%, while that in UASB reactor is about 1.6%. It is concluded that there is no correlation between sulfate reduction reaction and sulfate anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction in the reactor. This study lays a foundation for the realization of direct anaerobic ammonia oxidation of domestic sewage.
【作者单位】：陕西省环境重点实验室;西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室;西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院;
【基金】：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2009ZX07212-002)
【分类号】：X703

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