长江三角洲城市群热环境安全格局及土地利用变化影响研究

发布时间：2019-05-29 02:24

【摘要】：城市化进程的加快对区域热环境具有重要影响,热环境的改变会引发一系列生态环境问题,科学地评价城市群热环境安全对于城市发展的规划布局和建设舒适的人居环境具有重要意义。本文利用多期MODIS地表温度数据产品,在构建热环境安全等级分级标准的基础上,对长江三角洲城市群热环境安全格局时空变化特征和土地利用变化的影响进行了探讨。结果表明:(1)2015年长江三角洲城市群热环境不安全区域多分布于城市建成区及建成区周围,以南京、上海、杭州和宁波等城市形成的"Z"型区域最明显,临界安全区域多分布于郊区,较安全区域集中分布于长江以北平原区域,安全区域则主要分布于杭州及杭州以南山地、丘陵区,太湖大部分区域以及长江三角洲城市群北部区域;(2)2005-2015年长江三角洲城市群热环境不安全区域、临界安全区域、较安全区域和安全区域分别呈现扩张、小幅增长、缩减和先缩减后扩张趋势;(3)土地利用结构中建设用地比例过高和林地比例过低是导致热环境安全等级下降的主要原因,其次,建设用地侵占大量耕地也是导致热环境不安全区域扩张的主要原因。
[Abstract]:The acceleration of urbanization has an important impact on the regional thermal environment, and the change of the thermal environment will lead to a series of ecological environment problems. It is of great significance to evaluate the safety of thermal environment in urban groups scientifically for the planning and layout of urban development and the construction of comfortable human settlements. In this paper, based on the construction of thermal environment safety classification standard, the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of thermal environment safety pattern and the influence of land use change in urban groups in the Yangtze River Delta are discussed by using multi-stage MODIS surface temperature data products. The results show that: (1) most of the thermal environment unsafe areas in the Yangtze River Delta urban groups in 2015 are distributed in and around the urban built-up areas, and the "Z" areas formed in Nanjing, Shanghai, Hangzhou and Ningbo are the most obvious. Most of the critical safety areas are distributed in the suburbs, the safer areas are concentrated in the plain area north of the Yangtze River, and the safe areas are mainly distributed in Hangzhou and the mountains and hilly areas south of Hangzhou. Most of Taihu Lake and the northern part of Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration; (2) from 2005 to 2015, the thermal environment unsafe area, critical safe area, safer area and safe area of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration showed the trend of expansion, small growth, reduction and first reduction and then expansion. (3) the high proportion of construction land and the low proportion of forest land in the land use structure are the main reasons for the decline of the safety grade of thermal environment. Secondly, the occupation of a large number of cultivated land by construction land is also the main reason for the expansion of unsafe areas in thermal environment.
【作者单位】：山东师范大学地理与环境学院;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室;环境保护部卫星环境应用中心;天津大学环境科学与工程学院室内空气环境质量控制天津市重点实验室;
【基金】：中国科学院重点部署项目(KJZD-EW-TZ-G10);中国科学院特色研究所培育建设服务项目(TSYJS03)
【分类号】：X16;TU984.11

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