超声波处理对微囊藻群体光合活性和沉降过程的影响

发布时间：2019-06-19 15:19

【摘要】：关注微囊藻群体在超声处理下光合活性变化及超声解除后的浮力恢复情况,可以为超声波控藻技术提供理论依据和数据支撑,具有重要的实践意义.本研究采用处理后水柱中叶绿素a浓度的垂向分布比例和叶绿素荧光变化情况分析微囊藻群体在超声波处理下的光合活性变化和沉降过程.结果表明,适量的超声处理(35 kHz、0.0353 W/cm~3)能在避免破裂藻细胞的同时,显著抑制其光合活性;60 s的处理造成了45.5%的光合活性被抑制.然而,在适宜生长条件下,所有实验组藻细胞中受抑制的光合活性均在24 h内恢复至对照组的80%左右.此外,在上述超声条件下,5 s的超声处理能使水柱中叶绿素a浓度在短时间内(0.5 h)的去除率达79.5%.然而,当处理时间小于30 s时,大于90%的沉降藻细胞可在超声解除后的72 h内恢复浮力上浮;而当处理时间延长至60 s以后,藻细胞基本丧失了上浮能力.通过分析发现,超声处理后微囊藻群体的粒径分布对藻细胞沉降及上浮过程起决定性作用,并且还发现微囊藻群体在超声处理时首先表现为藻细胞失去浮力下沉和光合系统受损,进而发生大群体振散.
[Abstract]:It is of great practical significance to pay attention to the changes of the photosynthetic activity of the microcystin group under the ultrasonic treatment and the buoyancy recovery after the ultrasonic release, which can provide the theoretical basis and data support for the ultrasonic algae control technology. The changes of the photosynthetic activity and the settlement of the microcystin group under the ultrasonic treatment were analyzed by the vertical distribution ratio and the chlorophyll fluorescence change of the chlorophyll a concentration in the post-treated water column. The results showed that the proper amount of ultrasonic treatment (35 kHz, 0.0353 W/ cm ~ 3) could significantly inhibit the photosynthetic activity while avoiding the cells of the ruptured algae. The treatment of 60 s resulted in the inhibition of 45.5% of the photosynthetic activity. However, under suitable growth conditions, the photosynthetic activity of all experimental group algae cells was restored to about 80% of the control group within 24 h. In addition, under the above-mentioned ultrasonic conditions, the removal rate of chlorophyll a in the water column can reach 79.5% in a short time (0.5 h). However, when the treatment time is less than 30 s, more than 90% of the settled algae cells can recover the buoyancy upward within 72 hours after the ultrasonic release, and after the treatment time is prolonged to 60 s, the algae cells have substantially lost the floating capacity. The results show that the particle size distribution of the microcystin group plays a decisive role in the sedimentation and the floating process of the algae cells after the ultrasonic treatment, and it is also found that the microcystin group firstly shows that the algae cells lose the buoyancy and the photosynthetic system is damaged when the ultrasonic treatment, and then the large population of the microcystin group is scattered.
【作者单位】：河海大学浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室河海大学环境学院;水利部南京水利水文自动化研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31470507) 中央高校科研业务费项目(2013B32414) 江苏省优势学科平台(PAPD) 品牌专业项目(TAPP)联合资助
【分类号】：X173

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