基于超短脉冲激光消融技术的二氧化钛纳米材料制备及其在降解水体污染方面的应用
发布时间：2020-11-18 12:04
全球工业增长极大地增加了废弃副产物的产生。随着时间的推移,由于这些副产物,环境污染已成为严重的问题。工业废物中的重金属和有机染料等污染物污染河流,最终导致地下水污染。为了应对这些挑战,研究人员正在努力推出新技术。关注新材料制造及其在水中污染物降解中的应用势在必行。在不同的纳米材料中,纳米颗粒和纳米复合材料形式的二氧化钛(TiO_2)在研究领域引起了极大的关注。这是因为其在光催化氧化还原反应,污染废水解毒,染料降解和太阳能电池制造方面有许多有趣的应用。水热化学法,溶胶-凝胶法和热分解法等不同的技术已经被用于TiO_2纳米颗粒的制备。然而这些技术耗时且在合成过程中需要额外的清洁剂,并且在大多数情况下所产生的纳米颗粒是非化学纯的。超短激光烧蚀为纳米材料制造提供了一种替代方法。它已被用于如金属,非金属和半导体等各种纳米材料加工。激光材料加工包括薄膜制造,纳米晶体制造,表面清洁和微电子器件制造。采用激光烧蚀的纳米材料制造不需要额外的处理来去除表面活性剂和其他有害化学药品。因此,用于纳米材料制造的激光烧蚀技术是绿色制造方法。在本文中,我们的工作致力于研究用超短激光烧蚀制造纳米材料及其在水中污染物降解方面的应用。本论文的工作按照以下结构进行安排。第一章涉及到当前工作的背景、目的和论文的结构。第二章描述超短激光烧蚀,实验装置,样品制备和产生超短激光的光纤系统的搭建。本章也包含了关于CIP压片的细节。第三章致力于在水中利用“自制”光纤激光系统制备纳米TiO_2。“自制”光纤激光器制备纳米颗粒导致TiO_2纳米颗粒的烧蚀产量的增加。我们观察到用高压压片制成的纳米颗粒表现出从金红石到锐钛矿相的二氧化钛的相位角变化。在第四章中描述了合成锐钛矿TiO_2与MoO_3混合与的纳米复合材料。制备的纳米复合材料的光敏性根据光伏和光催化染料降解进行测试。与用于电流电压和MB染料降解的TiO_2纳米颗粒相比,所制备的纳米复合材料表现出高效的光敏性。第五章的工作致力于通过混合金红石Ti O_2与Cu和WO_3来光催化降解染料。表征技术,如紫外可见吸收光谱,XRD,XPS和电子自旋共振(ESR)被用于表征纳米复合材料。太阳光和可见光源被用于实现MB染料降解。据观察,与太阳光作为染料降解源相比,在可见光照射下MB染料降解花费更多时间。在可见光照射下从溶液中去除MB染料更加耗时归因于较少的OH~·自由基生成。在第六章中,进行了还原型TiO_2的辉光放电等离子体电解(GDPE)制造。辉光放电是通过使用Ti板作为阴极和两个Ti棒的阳极产生的。在电解液中,施加了不同的功率用于产生辉光放电。作为辉光放电的结果,制造出Ti~(3+)自掺杂灰色TiO_(2-x)。所制备的灰色TiO_(2-x)纳米颗粒用于从溶液中去除RhB染料,其在可见光照射下也显示出高效染料去除能力。所制备的纳米粒子的高效光俘获能力归因于氧空位和内部/表面晶体缺陷的存在。最后,在本文的研究工作的基础上,第七章得出结论。
【学位单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位年份】：2018
【中图分类】：X52;TB383.1
【文章目录】：
Abstract
摘要
Acknowledgements
Abbreviations
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1. General background
1.2. Titanium dioxide and its phases
1.3. Approaches for nanomaterials fabrication
1.4. Laser ablation
1.4.1. Laser ablation with nanosecond and femtosecond pulses
1.4.2. Fabrication of inorganic nanoparticles by pulse laser synthesis （PLS）
1.4.3. Fabrication of organic nanomaterials by PLS
1.5. Research objective
1.6. Thesis structure
Chapter 2 Ultrashort laser ablation, experimental setup and protocols fornanomaterials fabrication
2.1. Ultrashort laser ablation in ambient air
2.2. Ultrashort laser Ablation in aqueous media
2.3. Fabrication system for fiber laser
2.4. Experimental setup
2.5. Protocols for nanomaterials formation with laser ablation in liquid
2.6. Sample preparation
2.7. Characterization techniques
2.8. Summary
Chapter 3 Fabrication of titanium dioxide nanoparticles with “self-made” ultrashortlaser ablation system
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Nanoparticles generation
3.3. Results and discussions
3.3.1. Nanoparticles fabrication by using "self-made" fiber laser system withpicosecond output
3.3.2. Nanoparticles fabrication by using "self-made" fiber laser system withfemtosecond output
3.4. Nanoparticles characterization
3.4.1. Raman analysis
3.4.2. XRD-analysis
3.5. Summary
Chapter 4 Molybdenum Oxide-Titanium dioxide nano-composites fabrication withfemtosecond laser ablation in liquid
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Nanocomposites synthesis
4.3. Results and discussion
4.3.1. TEM and EDS analysis of fabricated nanocomposites
4.3.2. XRD and UV-Visible analysis of fabricated nanocomposites
4.3.3. XPS analysis
4.3.4. Photovoltaic and photocatalytic assay
4.4. Summary
Chapter 5 Solar and visible light illumination of methalyne blue dye with copper-titanium dioxide and copper tungsten oxide-titanium dioxide photo-catalysts
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Photocatalysts preparation
5.2.1. Characterization techniques for the fabricated nanocomposites
5.3. Results and discussions
5.3.1. Mechanism Description
5.3.2. Methalyne blue dye degradation
5.4. Summary
Chapter 6 Fabrication of reduced Titanium-dioxide by glow discharge plasmaelectrolytic method for visible light photocatalytic applications
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Experimental Details
6.3. Results and Discussion
6.4. Summary
Chapter 7 Conclusion and future work
References
List of Publications
【参考文献】
本文编号：2888698
【学位单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位年份】：2018
【中图分类】：X52;TB383.1
【文章目录】：
Abstract
摘要
Acknowledgements
Abbreviations
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1. General background
1.2. Titanium dioxide and its phases
1.3. Approaches for nanomaterials fabrication
1.4. Laser ablation
1.4.1. Laser ablation with nanosecond and femtosecond pulses
1.4.2. Fabrication of inorganic nanoparticles by pulse laser synthesis （PLS）
1.4.3. Fabrication of organic nanomaterials by PLS
1.5. Research objective
1.6. Thesis structure
Chapter 2 Ultrashort laser ablation, experimental setup and protocols fornanomaterials fabrication
2.1. Ultrashort laser ablation in ambient air
2.2. Ultrashort laser Ablation in aqueous media
2.3. Fabrication system for fiber laser
2.4. Experimental setup
2.5. Protocols for nanomaterials formation with laser ablation in liquid
2.6. Sample preparation
2.7. Characterization techniques
2.8. Summary
Chapter 3 Fabrication of titanium dioxide nanoparticles with “self-made” ultrashortlaser ablation system
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Nanoparticles generation
3.3. Results and discussions
3.3.1. Nanoparticles fabrication by using "self-made" fiber laser system withpicosecond output
3.3.2. Nanoparticles fabrication by using "self-made" fiber laser system withfemtosecond output
3.4. Nanoparticles characterization
3.4.1. Raman analysis
3.4.2. XRD-analysis
3.5. Summary
Chapter 4 Molybdenum Oxide-Titanium dioxide nano-composites fabrication withfemtosecond laser ablation in liquid
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Nanocomposites synthesis
4.3. Results and discussion
4.3.1. TEM and EDS analysis of fabricated nanocomposites
4.3.2. XRD and UV-Visible analysis of fabricated nanocomposites
4.3.3. XPS analysis
4.3.4. Photovoltaic and photocatalytic assay
4.4. Summary
Chapter 5 Solar and visible light illumination of methalyne blue dye with copper-titanium dioxide and copper tungsten oxide-titanium dioxide photo-catalysts
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Photocatalysts preparation
5.2.1. Characterization techniques for the fabricated nanocomposites
5.3. Results and discussions
5.3.1. Mechanism Description
5.3.2. Methalyne blue dye degradation
5.4. Summary
Chapter 6 Fabrication of reduced Titanium-dioxide by glow discharge plasmaelectrolytic method for visible light photocatalytic applications
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Experimental Details
6.3. Results and Discussion
6.4. Summary
Chapter 7 Conclusion and future work
References
List of Publications
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前4条
1 李峰;杨直;赵卫;李强龙;胡晓鸿;杨小君;王屹山;;百微焦级飞秒光纤激光放大系统[J];中国激光;2015年12期
2 GUPTA Shipra Mital;TRIPATHI Manoj;;A review of TiO_2 nanoparticles[J];Chinese Science Bulletin;2011年16期
3 ;A review on TiO_2 nanotube arrays:Fabrication, properties, and sensing applications[J];Chinese Science Bulletin;2010年Z1期
4 王清月;胡明列;柴路;;光子晶体光纤非线性光学研究新进展[J];中国激光;2006年01期
本文编号：2888698
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