大气气溶胶含水量和荧光生物组分测量
发布时间：2021-04-08 18:13
大气颗粒物成分复杂,其中水在颗粒物参与的大气非均相化学反应中起着重要作用,也影响大气颗粒物质量浓度,消光能力和大气能见度。在中国近年来频繁出现的霾污染过程中,颗粒物中的水分同PM2.5质量浓度的快速上升密切相关。另外,大气颗粒物中微生物组分种类丰富,对人体健康和大气物理化学过程有重要影响。典型城市的观测发现霾污染时部分致病微生物含量显著增加。大气颗粒物的水含量可能会有助于微生物的滋生。目前缺乏在线测量大气颗粒物水含量和微生物组分的方法和技术。本论文开发了一台在线测量大气颗粒物水含量的仪器设备,具有快速响应且可持续运行等优点。同时,基于探测生物荧光的新技术,建立了城市大气中活性微生物丰度的方法。并在北京冬季清洁和霾污染期间进行了外场观测,揭示了大气颗粒物水含量和大气微生物丰度变化特征,并分析了其影响因素。研究结果对于理解大气非均相化学过程和大气生物气溶胶具有重要意义。论文开发了一套测量除水前后大气颗粒物粒径分布的系统,结合软件开发和数据反演,实现了大气颗粒物水含量的实时在线测量。通过测量实验室发生的氯化钠气溶胶含水量,发现实测含水量同理论含水量有较好的一致性。在北京冬季清洁和霾污染期间进...
【文章来源】：清华大学北京市 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：141 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
Chapterl INTRODUCTION
1.1 Air quality in China
1.1.1 Current Air Quality Status
1.1.2 Particulate Matter in Beijing
1.2 Aerosol Liquid Water Content （ALWC）
1.2.1 ALWC Measurements
1.2.2 Humidified Tandem Differential Mobility Analysers
1.2.3 Hygroscopicity and ALWC Measurements in China
1.2.4 The Dry-Ambient Aerosol Size Spectrometer （DAASS）
1.3 Atmospheric bioaerosol
1.3.1 Role in Atmospheric Chemistry and Nucleation Processes
1.3.2 Bioaerosol Measurements
1.4 Research Questions and Motivation
1.5 Research Framework
Chapter2 METHODOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
2.1 DAASS Development
2.1.1 DAASS Hardware and operation
2.1.2 DAASS Software
2.1.3 ALWC calculation
2.1.4 Calibration Procedure
2.1.5 Related uncertainties with DAASS
2.2 Waveband Integrated Bioaerosol Sampler
2.2.1 WIBS-4a hardware
2.2.2 WIBS-4a Software
2.2.3 Uncertainties related to WIBS-4a
2.3 Chapter Summary
Chapter3 MEASUREMENT OF AMBIENT ALWC IN BEIJING
3.1 Methodology
3.1.1 Field measurement
3.1.2 Aerosol chemical composition and acidic ratio
3.1.3 Modeled ALWC and metheorology parameters
3.2 Pollution characteristics during the sampling period
3.2.1 Selection of periods of study
3.2.2 Deconvolution of aerosol organic fraction
3.3 Aerosol efflorescence behaviour and measured liquid water
3.3.1 The impact of aerosol acidity on water uptake
3.3.2 The effects of water content on particle concentration and composition
3.3.3 DAASS measured water and ISORROPIA estimations
3.4 Chapter summary
Chapter4 MEASUREMENT OF FBAP IN BEIJING
4.1 Bioaerosol in modern megacities
4.2 Methodology
4.2.1 Field Measurement
4.2.2 Aerosol Water content determination
4.3 Atmospheric conditions during the sampling period
4.4 Bioaerosol characteristics
4.4.1 WIBS-4a particle size distribution and number concentration
4.4.2 Asymmetry factors of ambient particles
4.5 Correlation between FBAP and atmospheric conditions
4.5.1 Correlation of FBAP with particle and gas chemical composition
4.5.2 Correlation of FBAP with humidity and aerosol water content
4.6 Chapter Summary
Chapter5 CONCLUSIONS AND PROSPECTS
5.1 Main Conclusions
5.2 Innovations
5.3 Deficiencies and Prospects
References
Acknowledgements
Appendix A Developed hardware and software for the study of aerosol water contentand fluorescent bioaerosol
A.1 DAASS Structure
A.2 DAASS Algorithm
A.2.1 DataBox, ACSM Import, Isorropia calculation
A.3 WIBS-4a Algorithm
A.4 Additional Asymmetry Factors of Particle groups
个人简历、在学期间发表的学术论文与研究成果
【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]Microbial aerosol characteristics in highly polluted and nearpristine environments featuring different climatic conditions[J]. Kai Wei,Yunhao Zheng,Jing Li,Fangxia Shen,Zhuanglei Zou,Hanqing Fan,Xinyue Li,Chang-yu Wu,Maosheng Yao. Science Bulletin. 2015(16)
[2]北京市PM2.5主要化学组分浓度水平研究与特征分析[J]. 刘保献,张大伟,陈添,杨懂艳,杨柳,常淼,林安国. 环境科学学报. 2015(12)
本文编号：3126015
【文章来源】：清华大学北京市 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：141 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
Chapterl INTRODUCTION
1.1 Air quality in China
1.1.1 Current Air Quality Status
1.1.2 Particulate Matter in Beijing
1.2 Aerosol Liquid Water Content （ALWC）
1.2.1 ALWC Measurements
1.2.2 Humidified Tandem Differential Mobility Analysers
1.2.3 Hygroscopicity and ALWC Measurements in China
1.2.4 The Dry-Ambient Aerosol Size Spectrometer （DAASS）
1.3 Atmospheric bioaerosol
1.3.1 Role in Atmospheric Chemistry and Nucleation Processes
1.3.2 Bioaerosol Measurements
1.4 Research Questions and Motivation
1.5 Research Framework
Chapter2 METHODOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
2.1 DAASS Development
2.1.1 DAASS Hardware and operation
2.1.2 DAASS Software
2.1.3 ALWC calculation
2.1.4 Calibration Procedure
2.1.5 Related uncertainties with DAASS
2.2 Waveband Integrated Bioaerosol Sampler
2.2.1 WIBS-4a hardware
2.2.2 WIBS-4a Software
2.2.3 Uncertainties related to WIBS-4a
2.3 Chapter Summary
Chapter3 MEASUREMENT OF AMBIENT ALWC IN BEIJING
3.1 Methodology
3.1.1 Field measurement
3.1.2 Aerosol chemical composition and acidic ratio
3.1.3 Modeled ALWC and metheorology parameters
3.2 Pollution characteristics during the sampling period
3.2.1 Selection of periods of study
3.2.2 Deconvolution of aerosol organic fraction
3.3 Aerosol efflorescence behaviour and measured liquid water
3.3.1 The impact of aerosol acidity on water uptake
3.3.2 The effects of water content on particle concentration and composition
3.3.3 DAASS measured water and ISORROPIA estimations
3.4 Chapter summary
Chapter4 MEASUREMENT OF FBAP IN BEIJING
4.1 Bioaerosol in modern megacities
4.2 Methodology
4.2.1 Field Measurement
4.2.2 Aerosol Water content determination
4.3 Atmospheric conditions during the sampling period
4.4 Bioaerosol characteristics
4.4.1 WIBS-4a particle size distribution and number concentration
4.4.2 Asymmetry factors of ambient particles
4.5 Correlation between FBAP and atmospheric conditions
4.5.1 Correlation of FBAP with particle and gas chemical composition
4.5.2 Correlation of FBAP with humidity and aerosol water content
4.6 Chapter Summary
Chapter5 CONCLUSIONS AND PROSPECTS
5.1 Main Conclusions
5.2 Innovations
5.3 Deficiencies and Prospects
References
Acknowledgements
Appendix A Developed hardware and software for the study of aerosol water contentand fluorescent bioaerosol
A.1 DAASS Structure
A.2 DAASS Algorithm
A.2.1 DataBox, ACSM Import, Isorropia calculation
A.3 WIBS-4a Algorithm
A.4 Additional Asymmetry Factors of Particle groups
个人简历、在学期间发表的学术论文与研究成果
【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]Microbial aerosol characteristics in highly polluted and nearpristine environments featuring different climatic conditions[J]. Kai Wei,Yunhao Zheng,Jing Li,Fangxia Shen,Zhuanglei Zou,Hanqing Fan,Xinyue Li,Chang-yu Wu,Maosheng Yao. Science Bulletin. 2015(16)
[2]北京市PM2.5主要化学组分浓度水平研究与特征分析[J]. 刘保献,张大伟,陈添,杨懂艳,杨柳,常淼,林安国. 环境科学学报. 2015(12)
本文编号：3126015
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