生活垃圾焚烧过程中氯的识别方法与热行为特性研究

发布时间：2022-02-12 14:25

　　生活垃圾和垃圾衍生燃料的高氯含量易引发垃圾焚烧炉的运行问题,如过热器表面的高温腐蚀并由此降低效率。目前,氯定量研究以及标准化测试方法的研究较少。精确测量生活垃圾和垃圾衍生燃料的氯含量及研究焚烧过程中氯的热行为特性为本文重点。本文采用5种分析方法（氧弹量热仪、Schoeniger氧瓶燃烧仪,元素分析仪、马弗炉和水洗萃取）测量生活垃圾8种可燃组分的氯含量。总氯含量被进一步区分为有机氯、无机氯和可燃氯、不可燃氯。氯的热行为特性研究分为以下3个部分:氯挥发特性实验在微型焚烧装置里进行,通过改变燃料组分和热转换条件确定影响参数;挥发物积灰特性取样在大型垃圾焚烧厂进行,通过在焚烧炉内部烟气对流管道设置多个取样棒,运行9个月后收集积灰样品,采用电子显微镜法和能谱法进行物理结构和化学成分的测定分析;自行设计了一套小型垃圾焚烧腐蚀模拟装置进行腐蚀速率的测试实验,并区分不同的积灰成分（NaCl和飞灰）对腐蚀的影响。结果表明:垃圾各组分的氯含量差别较大,从废木的0.1wt.%到废包装塑料的>6.0wt.%（干基）。Schoeniger氧瓶燃烧仪测得塑料类样品的氯含量最高;水洗萃取法测得有机质中的氯含量... 

【文章来源】：天津大学天津市211工程院校985工程院校教育部直属院校

【文章页数】：132 页

【学位级别】：博士

【文章目录】：
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
ChapterI Introduction
    1.1 MSW management in China
        1.1.1 Currentstatus
        1.1.2 Legislation and regulations
        1.1.3 Characteristics of MSW in China
    1.2 Energy recovery from MSW& RDF
        1.2.1 RDF definition
        1.2.2 RDF producing technologies
        1.2.3 Energy recovery from MSW& RDF
    1.3 Objective of thestudy
    1.4 Structure of the thesis
Chapter II Literaturesurvey
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Chlorine in waste
        2.2.1 Background
        2.2.2 Chlorine origins
        2.2.3 Chlorine species
        2.2.4 MSW with less chlorine input
        2.2.5 Summary
    2.3 Analytical methods and observations
        2.3.1 Background
        2.3.2 Ion Chromatography(IC)
        2.3.3 X-ray Fluorescence(XRF)
        2.3.4 Inductively coupled plasma-sector field mass spectrometry (ICP-SFMS)
        2.3.5 Water extract method
        2.3.6 Colorimetric titration
        2.3.7 Discussion and Summary
    2.4 Thermal behavior of chlorine
        2.4.1 Background
        2.4.2 Chlorine volatilization and HCl formation
        2.4.3 Chlorine induced corrosion
Chapter III Chlorine characterization in MSW& RDF
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Material and methods
        3.2.1 Material
        3.2.2 Sample preparation
        3.2.3 Analytical methods
    3.3 Results
        3.3.1 Chlorine content
        3.3.2 Chlorine species
    3.4 Discussion
        3.4.1 Chlorine relevance in MSW/RDF
        3.4.2 Assessment of analytical methods for TCC
        3.4.3 Chlorine species
    3.5 Conclusions
Chapter IV Chlorine volatilization during MSW combustion
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Experiments
    4.3 Results& Discussion
        4.3.1 Temperaturei nf luence
        4.3.2In fluence of sulfur
        4.3.3In fluence of silica
    4.4 Conclusions
Chapter V Chlori dedeposits formationin a WTE plant
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Experiments
        5.2.1 Materials
        5.2.2 TEDA WTE plant description
        5.2.3 Probe settings
        5.2.4 Depositsa nalysis
        5.2.5 Experimental limitation
    5.3 Results
        5.3.1 Chlorine distribution
        5.3.2 Deposits characterization
        5.3.3 Corrosion observation
    5.4 Discussion
        5.4.1 Error analysis of chlorine distribution
        5.4.2 Deposits formation mechanism
        5.4.3 In fluences of temperature on deposits characteristic
    5.5 Conclusions
Chapter VI Chlorine induced corrosion experiment
    6.1 Introduction
    6.2 Experiments
        6.2.1 Materials
        6.2.2 Experimental set-up
        6.2.3 Experimental limitations
    6.3 Results& Discussion
        6.3.1 Corrosion observation
        6.3.2 Corrosion rate
        6.3.3 Corrosion mechanism
    6.4 Corrosionprevention
        6.4.1 Removal of NaCl from MSW
        6.4.2 Changing the chemical composition of deposits
        6.4.3 Temperature control
        6.4.4 Changing metal alloy
    6.5 Conclusions
Chapter VII Thermodynamic prediction of chlorine fate
    7.1 Introduction
    7.2 Thermodynamic equilibrium calculation methods
        7.2.1 Equilibrium calculation methods
        7.2.2 Assumption of calculation
        7.2.3 Air excess ratio
        7.2.4 System definition and calculation conditions
    7.3 Results&discussion
        7.3.1 Prediction of fluegas composition
        7.3.2 Chlorine distribution of kitchenwaste
        7.3.3 Influence of oxygen on chlorine fate
        7.3.4 Influenceof sulfur on chlorine fate
        7.3.5 Influence of silicon on chlorine fate
    7.4 Conclusions
Chapter VIII Summaryandfuturework
    8.1 Summary
    8.2 Innovations
    8.3 Futurework
References
Publications and projects
Acknowledgements


【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]城市生活垃圾中氯含量及氯种类的分析方法[J]. 马文超,杨肖,陈程,陈冠益.  天津大学学报. 2011(01)
[2]城市生活垃圾氯含量测定方法的研究[J]. 李晓东,杨忠灿,陆胜勇,严建华,倪明江.  燃料化学学报. 2002(06)



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