基于资源三号卫星影像的城市土地利用变化与生态效应研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 10:01

本文关键词：基于资源三号卫星影像的城市土地利用变化与生态效应研究　出处：《东华理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：城市是人类活动的缩影,且不断经历着迅速的变化,随着我国城市化建设快速发展,生态环境问题也日益突显。进入21世纪以来,国产高分卫星陆续发射,土地利用调查采用的卫星数据开始倾向国产卫星,资源三号卫星是我国发射的首颗高分辨率立体测图卫星,迄今已经获取了丰富的高分数据,但基于资三影像进行土地利用监测的技术还不完善。为了快速推动国产卫星在土地利用变化监测与生态效应分析中的应用,开展基于资源三号影像的相关研究十分必要。本文以南京市主城区为研究区,以不同时相的资三卫星影像为数据源,提取城市土地利用变化信息,进而分析所引起的生态效应,为国产卫星在相关领域的应用积累经验和技术方法,主要研究内容如下:(1)针对资三影像的特点,制作研究区影像的正射影像图,归纳预处理的技术流程。利用MATLAB软件编程实现影像均值、平均梯度、偏差指数以及信息熵等指数的计算,评价Brovey、PCA、HPF以及NNDiffuse等融合方法的效果,总结适用于资三影像的融合方法。(2)对面向对象信息提取的关键步骤进行研究,主要包括分割尺度以及规则集的建立。引入最大面积法和均值方差法确定影像分割的最优尺度,利用分类特征建立信息提取的规则集,基于MATLAB软件编程实现OSTU算法,自适应的确定自定义特征的阈值,简化分类特征阈值确定的过程。(3)根据土地利用信息的提取结果,针对研究区实际情况对估算价值进行修正,估计南京市主城区的生态系统服务价值。参照土地利用转移矩阵,对研究区内土地利用变化引起的总体生态环境效应以及导致生态环境质量发生变化的土地转移类型进行分析,为有关部门制定有效的生态环境保护政策提供一定的数据支持。(4)在总体生态环境分析的基础上,从土地资源、社会、环境等三方面选取12个指标构建评价指标模型,并基于主成分分析法确定各指标的权重,对研究区的生态脆弱性分区域的进行评价,总结生态稳定性的影响因素,并提出相应的改善意见。
[Abstract]:City is the epitome of human activities, and has been undergoing rapid changes. With the rapid development of urbanization in China, ecological and environmental problems have become increasingly prominent. Since 21th century, domestic high-score satellites have been launched one after another. The satellite data used in the land use survey began to incline to domestic satellites. Resource-3 satellite is the first high-resolution stereo mapping satellite launched by our country and has obtained rich high-score data so far. But the technology of land use monitoring based on three images is not perfect. In order to quickly promote the application of domestic satellites in land use change monitoring and ecological effect analysis. It is necessary to carry out related research based on Resource-3 image. In this paper, the main urban area of Nanjing is taken as the research area, and the information of urban land use change is extracted from different satellite images of different phases. Then the ecological effects caused by the accumulation of experience and technical methods for the application of domestic satellites in related fields. The main research contents are as follows: 1) aiming at the characteristics of the three images. Make the orthophoto image of the study area, sum up the technical flow of preprocessing, and use MATLAB software to program to realize the calculation of image mean value, average gradient, deviation index and information entropy index. Objective: to evaluate the effect of fusion methods such as Broveyam PCAA HPF and NNDiffuse. The key steps of object oriented information extraction are studied in this paper. It mainly includes the establishment of segmentation scale and rule set. The maximum area method and mean variance method are introduced to determine the optimal scale of image segmentation and the rule set of information extraction is established by using classification features. Based on MATLAB software programming to realize the OSTU algorithm, self-adaptive to determine the threshold of self-defined features, simplify the classification of feature threshold determination process. 3) according to the results of land use information extraction. According to the actual situation of the study area, the estimated value is revised to estimate the value of ecosystem services in the main urban area of Nanjing, referring to the land use transfer matrix. This paper analyzes the overall eco-environmental effects caused by land use change and the types of land transfer that lead to the change of ecological environment quality in the study area. For the relevant departments to formulate effective ecological environment protection policies to provide certain data support. 4) on the basis of the overall ecological environment analysis, from the land resources, social. Environment and other three aspects of 12 indicators to build an evaluation index model, and based on the principal component analysis to determine the weight of each index, the ecological vulnerability of the study area of the sub-region evaluation. The influencing factors of ecological stability are summarized and the corresponding improvement suggestions are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：东华理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F299.23;P237

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