基于铜基摩擦材料盘式制动器温度场与热应力耦合分析
发布时间:2018-01-16 20:09
本文关键词:基于铜基摩擦材料盘式制动器温度场与热应力耦合分析 出处:《哈尔滨理工大学》2017年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文
更多相关文章: 铜基摩擦材料 热应力耦合 盘式制动器 温度场 应力场
【摘要】:伴随着高速列车的快速发展,其运营的安全性已经成为影响高速列车发展的首要因素,因此制动系统性能的优劣程度,已经成为当前影响高速列车发展的首要问题。现代对于高速列车盘式制动器的研究主要集中于制动盘温度场和应力场的分布情况,目前对于盘式制动器的失效形式主要是热疲劳失效,盘式制动器的工作原理是一个直接的热-结构耦合的过程,会对整个制动器的震动,疲劳,噪声有着巨大影响。因此采用热-结构直接耦合的方式对盘式制动器的温度场和应力场进行系统分析,具有十分重大的意义。本文运用ANSYS有限元分析软件,建立了三维有限元模型。研究了碳含量对铜基摩擦材料和结构钢为摩擦副的热导率及温度场和应力场的影响。得出在初速度为160km/h,制动压力为4MPa,碳含量20%,摩擦片热导率为80W/(m·K),滑动摩擦副的温度场的温度梯度最小,等效应力最小温度值为125.41℃,产生的应力值为2.72e5MPa。在选择制动盘和摩擦块时不宜选择热导率相差过大的材料,过度的降低摩擦片的热导率会导致制动盘与摩擦片之间过大的温度梯度,会引起严重的热损伤,严重缩短制动器的使用寿命。研究了碳含量20%,摩擦片热导率为80W/(m·K)时,制动压力为0.6MPa,制动初速度和制动压力两种工况对盘式制动器的温度场和应力场的影响。选取制动初速度为制动压力分别为0.6MPa和0.8MPa,研究表明,制动压力对于制动器的温度场和应力场影响较小。选取制动速度为160km/h和300km/h对温度场和应力场进行分析,制动速度为160km/h温度场瞬时最高温度为200.948℃,三向等效应力为2.48e5MPa,制动速度为300km/h瞬时温度高达513.78℃,三向等效应力为3.04e6MPa,得出制动初速度是实际工况中对制动器温度场和应力场影响最大的因素。随着初速的增加,制动器的温度和应力场均是先增大后减小的趋势,并进行实验验证得出与仿真结果相同的温度曲线,验证了仿真结果的正确性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of high-speed trains, the safety of their operation has become the primary factor affecting the development of high-speed trains, so the performance of the braking system is good and bad. The research on disc brake of high-speed train is mainly focused on the distribution of temperature field and stress field of brake disc. At present, the failure form of disc brake is mainly thermal fatigue failure. The working principle of disc brake is a direct thermal-structural coupling process, which will shake and fatigue the whole brake. The noise has a great influence. So the temperature field and stress field of disc brake are analyzed systematically by means of thermal-structure direct coupling. This paper uses ANSYS finite element analysis software. A three-dimensional finite element model was established to study the effect of carbon content on the thermal conductivity, temperature field and stress field of copper based friction materials and structural steel pairs. The initial velocity was 160 km / h. The brake pressure is 4 MPA, the carbon content is 20, the thermal conductivity of the friction plate is 80 W / m 路KN, the temperature gradient of the sliding friction pair is the minimum, the minimum temperature value of equivalent stress is 125.41 鈩,
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