空心包体应力解除法室内标定实验研究

发布时间：2018-02-15 03:39

  本文关键词： 地应力 应力解除法 空心包体 室内标定实验　出处：《中国地质科学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：地应力是指客观赋存于地壳岩体内且未受工程扰动的一种自然力,亦称原岩应力。地应力测量与研究对地壳中应力活动方式的研究,构造体系的分析,地壳运动问题的探讨,矿山开发、水利工程和其他地下工程设计及区域稳定性研究都具有重大的理论意义和实际意义。地应力测量室内标定实验是对地应力测量方法的研究,具有重大的基础理论意义。本文在梳理国内外原地应力测量方法研究现状的基础上,详细分析了空心包体应力计的结构、制作方法以及空心包体应力解除法的基本原理和实验步骤。针对前人研究中存在的问题,依托于地质力学所研制的室内地应力双轴标定装置,设计新的实验,重点开展了空心包体应力解除法室内标定实验,分析了空心包体应力解除法的可靠性及影响因素,取得的认识和成果如下:(1)通过对国内外大量相关文献的阅读研究,总结了空心包体应力解除法国内外发展历史,分析了空心包体应力解除法室内标定实验存在的问题,系统梳理了空心包体应力解除法的原理及详细的数据处理方法和相关函数的表达。(2)修正系数K会直接影响测量结果,因此修正系数K的取值至关重要。本文从实验的角度利用模拟解除实验的结果来分析修正系数K的取值,求得修正系数K的取值范围为0.70—1.00,平均约为0.82。(3)总结所有的空心包体应力解除法室内标定实验的结果,对于模拟解除实验,绝大部分结果应力大小的误差小于0.4MPa,方位角的误差小于6℃,倾角的误差小于6°。对于真正的解除实验,绝大部分结果应力大小的误差小于0.6MPa,方位角的误差小于6°,倾角的误差小于6°。(4)使用了新的温度补偿方法,即在空心包体应力计靠近应变花的位置处安装了一个铂电阻用来记录解除过程中空心包体应力计上工作应变花位置处的温度变化。开始解除时,记下此时的温度,解除结束后,将解除的带有空心包体应力计的岩心放入恒温水浴中,恒温水浴的温度为解除开始所记录的温度。然后继续采集数据,直到解除岩心中空心包体应力计的温度恒定到水温时停止,使空心包体应力计开始采集数据和结束采集数据时的温差为零,进而消除温度的影响。该方法简单易行可靠,能够很好地消除温度对测量结果的影响。(5)对比三种岩石试样的围压率定实验曲线可以看出,花岗岩和凝灰岩的围压率定曲线的线性都比较好,而大理岩的围压率定曲线的线性较差。随压力增大,大理岩的率定曲线有变缓的趋势。这就会造成较小加载状态下模拟解除的实验结果偏大,而较大加压状态下模拟解除的实验结果偏小。
[Abstract]:The earth stress is a kind of natural force which exists objectively in the crustal rock and is not disturbed by the engineering. It is also called the original rock stress. The measurement and study of the earth stress study the mode of stress activity in the earth's crust, the analysis of the tectonic system, and the discussion of the crustal movement. Mine development, water conservancy engineering and other underground engineering design and regional stability research are of great theoretical and practical significance. The indoor calibration experiment of in-situ stress measurement is a research on the method of in-situ stress measurement. It is of great theoretical significance. Based on the research status of in-situ stress measurement methods at home and abroad, the structure of the hollow inclusion stress meter is analyzed in detail. The fabrication method and the basic principle and experimental steps of the stress relief method for hollow inclusions. In view of the problems existing in the previous studies, a new experiment is designed based on the indoor geo-stress biaxial calibration device developed by the geomechanics. The indoor calibration experiments of the stress relief method for hollow inclusions are carried out emphatically, and the reliability and influencing factors of the stress relief method of hollow inclusions are analyzed. The understanding and results obtained are as follows: 1) through reading and studying a large number of related documents at home and abroad, The development history of the hollow cladding stress relief method at home and abroad is summarized, and the problems existing in the indoor calibration experiment of the hollow inclusion stress relief method are analyzed. The principle of the stress relief method for hollow inclusions, the detailed data processing method and the expression of correlation function. The correction coefficient K) will directly affect the measurement results. Therefore, the value of the correction coefficient K is very important. In this paper, the value of the correction coefficient K is analyzed from the point of view of the experiment. The correction coefficient K is obtained in the range of 0.70-1.00, with an average of 0.82.m3). The results of all the indoor calibration experiments of the stress relief method for hollow inclusions are summarized. Most of the results show that the error of stress is less than 0.4 MPA, the error of azimuth is less than 6 鈩，

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