陇南燕子河流域地质灾害形成机理及易发性区划研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 03:26

本文选题：燕子河流域　切入点：地质灾害　出处：《东华理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：燕子河流域地处甘肃陇南康县境内,是甘肃省地质灾害分布密度大、发育程度较高、危害最为严重的地区之一。区内地质灾害类型主要为滑坡、崩塌和泥石流,具有突发性、群发性和反复性的特点,频发的地质灾害对人类生命财产构成极大威胁。开展区内地质灾害的形成机理及地质灾害易发性区划研究,研究成果可为燕子河流域地质灾害防灾减灾、城镇规划及土地利用提供基础依据,对区内地质灾害研究及经济发展具有重要意义。本文依托中国地质调查局项目“嘉陵江上游燕子河流域地质灾害调查”,以燕子河流域地质灾害为研究对象,系统开展了燕子河流域地质环境背景、灾害调查、地质灾害形成条件、形成机理及易发性区划等研究工作,确定了区内地质灾害的主要类型及发育特征,分析了滑坡、崩塌、泥石流的发育特征和分布规律。研究结果表明,地形地貌、地层与岩土体结构、地质构造、斜坡结构及水文地质条特征是地质灾害形成的内在条件;降雨、地震、植被及人类工程活动是地质灾害形成的外在诱发因素,燕子河流域地质灾害的发生是内外因综合作用的结果。同时也揭示了燕子河流域“堆积层—岩质”型滑坡,碎裂—坠落式、弯折—倾倒—滑移式、碎裂—滑移式三类崩塌及沟谷型泥石流的形成机理。在此基础上,采用基于GIS的信息量模型开展了燕子河流域和重点调查区的高精度易发性区划研究,将燕子河流域地质灾害易发程度划分为高、中、低和极低4个区。其中,高易发区占流域面积9.25%,呈条带状集中分布于燕子河主干流、重要支流沿线人类工程活动频繁的河谷、主干道路切坡沿线地段;中易发区占流域面积的26.14%,低易发区和极低易发区占流域面积的64.61%,对于高易发区应加强监测预警及采取减灾防灾措施。
[Abstract]:Yanzi River Basin is located in Longnankang County Gansu Province is one of the most serious geological hazards in Gansu Province.The main types of geological hazards in this area are landslide, collapse and debris flow, which have the characteristics of sudden, mass occurrence and repetition. The frequent geological disasters pose a great threat to human life and property.The formation mechanism of geological hazards and the regionalization of geological hazards are studied in this area. The research results can provide the basis for geological disaster prevention and mitigation, town planning and land use in Yanzi River Basin.It is of great significance to the study of geological hazards and economic development in the region.Based on the project of China Geological Survey, "investigation of geological hazards in the Yanzi River basin in the upper reaches of Jialing River", the geological hazards of the Yanzi River Basin are taken as the research object, and the geological environment background and disaster investigation of the Yanzi River Basin are systematically carried out.The main types and developmental characteristics of geological hazards in this area are determined, and the development characteristics and distribution of landslide, collapse and debris flow are analyzed.The results show that topography, strata and rock and soil structure, geological structure, slope structure and hydrogeological characteristics are the inherent conditions for geological hazard formation.Vegetation and human engineering activities are the external inducing factors of geological disasters, and the occurrence of geological disasters in Yanzi River basin is the result of the comprehensive action of internal and external factors.At the same time, the formation mechanism of three types of landslides in Yanzi River basin, such as "accumulation layer and rock mass" type, cataclysm-fall type, bending-toppling-slip type, cataclastic-slip type and gully type debris flow, are also revealed.On the basis of this, the information quantity model based on GIS is used to study the high precision vulnerability regionalization of Yanzi River basin and key survey area, and the vulnerability degree of geological hazard in Yanzi River basin is divided into four areas: high, middle, low and very low.Among them, the high susceptible area occupies the basin area 9.25%, and distributes in the main stream of Yanzi River as a strip, the river valley along the important tributaries with frequent human engineering activities, and the section along the cutting slope of the main trunk road.The middle susceptible area accounts for 26.14 of the basin area, and the low and very low prone area accounts for 64.61 of the basin area. For the high risk area, the monitoring and early warning should be strengthened and the disaster reduction and prevention measures should be taken.
【学位授予单位】：东华理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P694

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