南麂列岛浅海大型底栖动物群落结构与生物评价

发布时间：2018-03-30 18:19

本文选题：大型底栖动物　切入点：群落结构　出处：《浙江海洋大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：为了摸清南麂列岛国家级海洋自然保护区浅海大型底栖动物群落结构现状及其变化,于2013年11月、2014年2月、2014年5月和2014年8月,4个航次对覆盖南麂保护区海域内的28个站位进行调查,对所得数据进行了详细分析,并对主要环境参数进行探讨。在研究过程中,采用了AMBI和M-AMBI指数,辅以Shannon-Wiener多样性指数进行生物评价。结果:本次调查共获得大型底栖动物66种,其中多毛类31种,甲壳类15种,软体动物11种,棘皮动物5种,其它类4种,物种丰富度呈斑块状分布,季节性变化不大;ANOVA分析表明,4个航次的栖息密度存在明显差异,但生物量却无明显差异,4个航次各样点的大型底栖动物差别不大,小型多毛类及双壳类为影响群落结构性相似性的主要物种。群落结构与环境因子的相关性关系说明了南麂岛大型底栖动物群落受到了一定的扰动,可能跟陆源排污及南麂列岛的旅游开发有关。与历史资料对比,本次调查发现大型底栖动物从种类数和栖息密度上都有大幅下降,但生物量反而上升,且底栖生态类群与上世纪90年代相似,仍以多毛类和软体动物为主,在一定程度上说明了南麂列岛底栖生态环境这20年来变化不大。AMBI与M-AMBI的评价结果一致,与生物多样性指数也大致一样。评价结果显示南麂列岛底栖生物群落结构较好,南麂列岛的底栖生物群落受到了一定程度的扰动,但整体上还处于可控的水平。
[Abstract]:In order to find out the present situation and changes of macrobenthos in shallow sea in Nanji Islands National Marine Nature Reserve, In November 2013, February 2014, May 2014 and August 2014, 4 voyages surveyed 28 stations covering the sea area of Nanji protected area, analyzed the obtained data in detail and discussed the main environmental parameters. Results: 66 species of macrobenthos were obtained, including 31 species of polychaetes, 15 species of crustaceans, 11 species of molluscs, 5 species of echinoderms and 4 species of other species. The distribution of species richness was in patch shape, and the seasonal variation was not significant. The results of ANOVA analysis showed that there were significant differences in the habitat density of the four voyages, but there was no significant difference in biomass, and there was no significant difference between the macrobenthos at each point of the four voyages. Small polychaetes and bivalves are the main species that influence the structural similarity of the communities. The correlation between community structure and environmental factors indicates that the macrobenthic community in South suede Island is disturbed to some extent. It may have something to do with land-based sewage and tourism development in Nanji Islands. Comparing with historical data, the survey found that macrobenthos have decreased significantly in number and density, but biomass has increased. The benthic ecological groups were similar to those of the 1990s, and were mainly polychaetes and molluscs, indicating to some extent that the benthic ecological environment of Nanji Islands had not changed much in the past 20 years. AMBI was consistent with the evaluation results of M-AMBI. The results showed that the benthos community structure of Nanji Islands was better, and the benthos community of Nanji Islands was disturbed to some extent, but the whole benthos community was still in a controllable level.
【学位授予单位】：浙江海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q958.8

【相似文献】