含双键淀粉的制备及其对玻纤复材界面性能影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-22 18:03

  本文关键词： 玻璃纤维 改性淀粉 成膜剂 乙烯基酯树脂 界面性能　出处：《西南科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：玻璃纤维是一种常见的无机非金属材料,因其强度高、抗腐蚀性强、绝缘性好等独特的性能,常常被用作增强体来制备复合材料。但是,由于它的表面光滑且不耐摩擦,在应用时常有飞丝的现象产生。对于制得的玻纤复材,尽管它的性能有了显著地提高,但界面处的结合强度较低,容易成为应力集中源遭到破坏,进而影响复合材料整体的性能。本论文以淀粉为原料,通过改性处理,研究了将改性淀粉作为成膜剂的综合性能;并将其用于玻纤浸润,制备玻纤复材,以此检验复合材料的界面性能。运用FT-IR、NMR、粘度计、表面张力仪、接触角测试仪等手段表征了改性淀粉成膜剂及浸润型纱线的性能。此外,还通过力学性能测试、SEM、热分析等方法考察了玻纤与乙烯基酯树脂(VE)的界面相容性。主要研究内容及结果如下:通过烯丙基缩水甘油醚对淀粉的化学改性,确定其最佳的制备条件为:AGE含量15%、NaOH含量7.5%、反应温度95℃、反应时间10h。在这种条件下,改性淀粉成膜剂对玻纤的浸润效果明显优于原淀粉乳液,经拉丝浸润后,纱线的力学性能及硬挺度也显著提高。使用4-乙烯基环氧环己烷对淀粉做改性处理,制备了一系列的改性淀粉成膜剂。结果显示,当4-乙烯基环氧环己烷含量为10%、NaOH含量为4%、反应温度为95℃、反应时间为12h时,制得的改性淀粉成膜剂和浸润型纱线的综合性能优异。选用玻纤原丝及不同种类的浸润型纱线增强乙烯基酯树脂,研究了玻纤复材的界面性能。结果表明,经过两种改性淀粉成膜剂浸润的玻纤,其玻纤复材的界面结合强度和力学性能优于玻纤原丝及原淀粉型的复材。这主要是因为玻纤表面的碳碳双键活性基团可以参与树脂基体内的共聚反应,加强了二者的界面黏附。综上所述,我们对淀粉进行改性后,将其用于玻纤浸润中,并制备了玻纤复材。通过这样的处理,复材的界面结合强度有很大提高。
[Abstract]:Glass fiber is a common inorganic nonmetallic material, because of its high strength, strong corrosion resistance, good insulation and other unique properties, it is often used as reinforcements to prepare composite materials. Because of its smooth surface and non-friction resistance, there is often a phenomenon of flying wire in application. Although the properties of the glass fiber composites have been significantly improved, the bonding strength at the interface is low. It is easy to be a stress concentration source and then affect the properties of composite materials. In this paper, the comprehensive properties of modified starch as film forming agent were studied by using starch as raw material and modification treatment. The interfacial properties of the composites were tested by using FT-IRN MR, viscometer and surface tension meter. The properties of modified starch film-forming agent and wetted yarn were characterized by means of contact angle tester. In addition, the mechanical properties of modified starch film forming agent and wetted yarn were also tested by SEM. The interfacial compatibility of glass fiber and vinyl ester resin (VEV) was investigated by thermal analysis. The main contents and results were as follows: the chemical modification of starch by allyl glycidyl ether. The optimum preparation conditions were determined as follows: 1% age content 15% NaOH content 7.5%, reaction temperature 95 鈩，

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