电石法生产聚氯乙烯过程中低汞触媒替换高汞触媒效果分析及汞污染研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 20:18

本文关键词： 聚氯乙烯低汞触媒替换高汞触媒　出处：《内蒙古大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：汞是很多行业常用的重金属之一,有强毒性并且可以累积富集。目前,我国是唯一使用电石法生产聚氯乙烯工艺的国家,实行低汞化、无汞化是势在必行。本轮文通过研究电石法聚氯乙烯过程中使用汞含量4%-6.5%的低汞触媒更替汞含量为10.5%-12.5%高汞触媒,通过低汞触媒与高汞触媒催化效果对比分析得出,替换了低汞触媒的转换器运行平稳,转化率平均达高99.9%,转化率比高汞触媒高出1.5%。在低汞触媒替换后运行过程中的汞污染控制研究阶段,结合汞污染环节的技改和规范化,将汞污染控制最大化,高汞触媒最终排入厂区污水处理站的废碱液含氯化汞的量和经过除汞器的合成气含汞浓度分别减少了75%和90%,废汞触媒汞流失量减少11.7t/a,其它几个数值下降也十分明显。经济效益方面,低汞触媒的填装量和购买价格都低于高汞触媒,原料费节省可观,而且低汞触媒的转化率高于汞触媒,减少了原材料的浪费和设备的损耗。结论:该项目可行。低汞触媒主要指标、安全稳定优于高汞触媒,汞污染大大低于使用高汞触媒时,对节约汞资源、减小汞污染具有明显的成效,并有良好的经济效益,具有较强的实际推广性。
[Abstract]:Mercury is one of the heavy metals commonly used in many industries. It is highly toxic and accumulative. At present, China is the only country that uses calcium carbide to produce PVC process, which is low mercury. Mercury-free is imperative. In this round, by studying the use of 4- 6.5% mercury-containing low-mercury catalyst in the calcium carbide polyvinyl chloride process, the replacement mercury content of low mercury catalyst is 10.5-12.5% high mercury catalyst, and the comparative analysis of catalytic effect between low-mercury catalyst and high-mercury catalyst shows that, The converter with low mercury catalyst has a smooth operation, the conversion rate is 99.9% higher on average, and the conversion rate is 1.5% higher than that of high mercury catalyst. In the mercury pollution control research stage after the replacement of low mercury catalyst, combined with the technical reform and standardization of mercury pollution link, Maximizing mercury pollution control, The amount of mercuric chloride in the waste lye and the mercury concentration in the syngas passed through the mercury remover decreased by 75% and 90 respectively, and the mercury loss of the waste mercury catalyst decreased by 11.7t / a, and several other values decreased obviously. In terms of economic benefits, The filling and purchase prices of low mercury catalysts are lower than those of high mercury catalysts, resulting in considerable savings in feedstock costs and a higher conversion rate for low mercury catalysts than for mercury catalysts, The waste of raw materials and the wastage of equipment are reduced. Conclusion: the project is feasible. The main indicators of low mercury catalyst, safety and stability are better than those of high mercury catalyst, and mercury pollution is much lower than that of using high mercury catalyst. The reduction of mercury pollution has obvious effect, good economic benefit and strong practical popularization.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ325.3;TQ426;X783

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