氧化铝纳米流体在表面活性剂驱油中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 06:08

本文选题：纳米流体　切入点：氧化铝　出处：《西南石油大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国大部分油田已经进入高含水开发后期,三次采油技术是提高原油采收率的关键。化学驱是三次采油的主要手段,其中表面活性剂驱是化学驱的一种重要的驱油方法。但是由于单一表面活性剂驱受到油藏环境条件的限制,驱油效果有限,而且吸附损失量大,需要新的技术方法增强表面活性剂的驱油能力。本文以表面活性剂为分散剂制备氧化铝纳米流体,开展了表面活性剂复配纳米流体提高原油采收率的相关实验研究:(1)通过SEM(扫描电镜)、XRD(X射线衍射)的材料分析技术分析了两种氧化铝纳米材料的类型结构、粒径大小和团聚情况。通过接触角测试检测了材料的亲疏水程度物理化学性质。(2)讨论了不同种类表面活性剂和其浓度对纳米颗粒分散稳定性的影响,并分析了地层水中不同盐离子对分散稳定性的影响,选择出分散稳定程度较好,浓度适应范围较广、抗地层水盐离子干扰能力强的非离子表面活性剂OP-10(烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚)作为分散剂。(3)利用氧化铝纳米流体和表面活性剂进行复配,探讨了在不同表面活性剂浓度和不同纳米颗粒浓度下油水界面张力情况和乳状液稳定情况,利用析水率和液滴粒径大小判断乳状液稳定性。实验证明纳米流体和表面活性剂复配能够降低油水界面张力,OP-10作分散剂下氧化铝纳米流体和石油磺酸盐复配能达到超低界面张力。纳米颗粒能够通过减少析水率,降低液滴平均直径和粒径分布范围稳定乳状液。(4)测量了不同颗粒浓度下两种纳米流体的粘度,并分析了原油加入纳米流体后对其粘度的影响。实验证明纳米颗粒不仅能够增加水的粘度而且能够显著降低稠油粘度,0.1wt%亲水氧化铝颗粒复配0.1wt%OP-10加入原油后粘度能够较 0.1wt%OP-10 下降 57.5%。(5)利用氧化铝纳米流体复配表面活性剂进行岩心驱油实验,对比分析了不同颗粒类型、表面活性剂浓度和纳米颗粒浓度下对驱油效果的影响情况,实验证明表面活性剂复配纳米流体能够提高表面活性剂驱油效果并且降低表面活性剂的使用量。OP-10浓度为0.1wt%时,单一表面活性剂最终采收率较一次水驱后增幅为16.1%,加入0.2wt%亲水和疏水纳米氧化铝颗粒后增幅分别为20.1%和21.2%。增加表面活性剂浓度和颗粒浓度均可以增加采收率,氧化铝纳米流体复配石油磺酸盐较单一纳米流体能够进一步提高岩心驱油效率。
[Abstract]:Most oil fields in China have entered the late stage of high water cut development, and tertiary oil recovery technology is the key to improve oil recovery. Chemical flooding is the main means of tertiary oil recovery. Surfactant flooding is an important flooding method for chemical flooding. However, single surfactant flooding is limited by reservoir environmental conditions and has a large adsorption loss. A new technique is needed to enhance the oil displacement ability of surfactants. In this paper, alumina nanofluids are prepared by using surfactants as dispersant. An experimental study on the enhancement of oil recovery by using surfactant and nano-fluid was carried out. The types and structures of two kinds of alumina nanomaterials were analyzed by means of SEM (scanning Electron Microscopy XRDX ray diffraction). Particle size and agglomeration. Physical and chemical properties of hydrophobic degree of the materials were measured by contact angle test.) the effects of different surfactants and their concentrations on the dispersion stability of nanoparticles were discussed. The influence of different salt ions on dispersion stability in formation water is analyzed. The results show that the stability of dispersion is better and the range of concentration adaptation is wider. The Nonionic surfactant OP-10 (alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether), which has strong ability to resist the interference of formation water and salt ion, is used as dispersant. The interfacial tension between oil and water and the stability of emulsion under different concentration of surfactant and nanoparticles were discussed. The stability of emulsion was judged by water evolution rate and droplet size. The experiment shows that the combination of nano-fluid and surfactant can reduce the interfacial tension of oil and water, and the composite energy of alumina nano-fluid and petroleum sulfonate can be reduced by using OP-10 as dispersant. To ultra-low interfacial tension. Nanoparticles can reduce water evolution, The viscosity of two kinds of nano-fluids with different particle concentrations was measured by reducing the average diameter and the distribution range of droplets. The effect of crude oil on the viscosity of crude oil by adding nano-fluid is analyzed. The experimental results show that nano-particles can not only increase the viscosity of water but also reduce the viscosity of heavy oil remarkably. The viscosity energy of the mixture of 0.1 wt% hydrophilic alumina particles and 0.1 wtOP-10 of crude oil is decreased significantly. Enough to reduce the OP-10 by 57.5% and 57.5% compared with 0.1 wt.The core flooding experiments were carried out using alumina nano-fluid composite surfactants, The effects of different particle types, surfactant concentration and nano-particle concentration on the oil displacement efficiency were compared and analyzed. The experimental results show that the combination of surfactants with nano-fluids can improve the oil displacement efficiency of surfactants and reduce the dosage of surfactants. The concentration of OP-10 is 0.1 wt%. The final recovery of single surfactant is 16.1wt% higher than that after primary water flooding. The increase of 0.2wt% hydrophilic and hydrophobic nano-alumina particles is 20.1% and 21.2, respectively. The recovery can be increased by increasing the concentration of surfactant and particle. The oil displacement efficiency of core flooding can be further improved by adding petroleum sulfonate to alumina nanofluid than that of single nano fluid.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE357.46

【相似文献】