井下电动钻具的力学性能研究
发布时间:2018-03-19 06:02
本文选题:电动钻具 切入点:结构设计 出处:《西南石油大学》2017年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文
【摘要】:在深井及超深井的石油钻井作业中,相比于目前最常用的液压驱动钻具,本文所研究的井下电动钻具工作时通过电缆由井下电动机为钻头提供钻井动力,电能直接变换为机械能,因此不受其所处的工作深度、空间位置或泥浆液的影响,具有更高的钻井效率。井下电动钻具技术的发展为钻井作业过程的自动化奠定了基础,因此对其进行研究势必受到石油钻井行业的极大重视。保证井下电动钻具实际使用过程中的安全性能,可提升钻井效率以及减少钻井的成本。本文针对电动钻具工作环境的特殊性,对决定其工作寿命的重要零件分别进行了有限元分析及井下钻具系统进行了动力学分析,主要完成了以下研究工作:(1)对比分析了国内外电动钻具的发展现状,列举了目前井下电动钻具的主要类型,根据电动钻具的工作原理,完成了电动钻具的整体结构设计。同时确定了电动钻具的主要参数:功率、电压、力矩、钻压、减速器传动比等,从而确定了井下电动机的输出特性。(2)通过受力分析确定了井下力矩及钻压的传递方向,利用三维建模软件Pro/E建立了电动钻具易损件——电机转轴、定子壳体和输出传动输出轴的有限元分析计算模型,利用有限元分析软件ANSYS,分别对其进行了强度、疲劳强度、模态和线性稳定性等分析,保证了钻具的安全性能指标。(3)利用拉格朗日方程对井下电动钻具系统进行动力学分析,分析并确定了该系统在扭矩作用下的运动规律。由第四章的关键零部件的有限元分析,可知:本文设计电动钻具在扭矩及钻压作用下,易损坏构件的强度、疲劳性、及稳定性等方面都达到要求。由第五章在扭转力的作用下对井下电钻系统进行动力学分析,可知:从角速度曲线来看,电动机运转稳定后,电机轴、减速器部分及钻头处角速度输出曲线的变化是相似的,但角速度波动范围:钻头处的大于减速器处,减速器处大于电机轴处;从弹簧所承受的外力矩第一段扭转弹簧所承受的外力矩变化幅度小于第二段扭转弹簧所承受的外力矩变化幅度。可知在扭转力作用下,波动钻压通过等效后的扭转弹簧对减速器及电机轴的影响逐渐减小。
[Abstract]:Compared with the most commonly used hydraulic driven drilling tools in deep and ultra-deep oil drilling operations, the electric drilling tools studied in this paper provide drilling power for the drill bit by cable through the downhole motor. Electric energy is directly converted into mechanical energy, so it is not affected by the working depth, space position or mud fluid, so it has higher drilling efficiency. The development of downhole electric drilling tool technology has laid the foundation for the automation of drilling operation. Therefore, the research on it is bound to be paid great attention by the oil drilling industry to ensure the safety performance of the downhole electric drilling tools in practical use. The drilling efficiency can be improved and the drilling cost can be reduced. In this paper, according to the particularity of the working environment of electric drilling tools, the finite element analysis and dynamic analysis of the important parts which determine the working life of electric drilling tools are carried out respectively. Mainly completed the following research work: (1) A comparative analysis of the development status of electric drilling tools at home and abroad, enumerating the main types of electric drilling tools in the downhole at present, according to the working principle of electric drilling tools, At the same time, the main parameters of electric drilling tools are determined: power, voltage, torque, drilling pressure, transmission ratio of reducer, etc. Thus, the output characteristic of the downhole motor is determined. (2) through the force analysis, the transmission direction of the downhole torque and the drilling pressure is determined, and the motor shaft is established by using the 3D modeling software Pro/E, which is the easily damaged part of the electric drill tool. The finite element analysis model of the stator shell and the output shaft of the output drive is analyzed by using the finite element analysis software ANSYS. the strength, fatigue strength, modal and linear stability of the stator shell and the output shaft of the output drive are analyzed respectively. The safety performance index of drilling tools is ensured. (3) the dynamic analysis of downhole electric drilling tool system is carried out by using Lagrange equation, and the motion law of the system under the action of torque is analyzed and determined. The finite element analysis of the key parts in Chapter 4th is introduced. It can be seen that the strength, fatigue and stability of the easily damaged components in the electric drill tool designed in this paper meet the requirements under the action of torque and drilling pressure. The dynamic analysis of electric drilling system is carried out in Chapter 5th under the action of torsional force. It can be seen from the angle velocity curve that the change of angular velocity output curve of motor shaft, reducer and bit is similar after the motor is running stably, but the range of angular velocity fluctuation is larger than that of reducer. The speed reducer is larger than the motor shaft, and the change of the external torque of the first section of torsional spring is smaller than that of the second stage of torsional spring. The effect of fluctuating drilling force on reducer and electric shaft is gradually reduced by equivalent torsional spring.
【学位授予单位】:西南石油大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:TE92
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