游梁式抽油机减速器箱体疲劳寿命分析

发布时间：2018-04-03 06:38

本文选题：游梁式抽油机　切入点：减速器　出处：《中原工学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：游梁式抽油机是采油系统重要的地面动力驱动设备,普遍应用于油田采油业。抽油机工作环境恶劣、工作条件多变进而影响抽油机的性能如强度、刚度、动力学特性,容易造成零部件破坏。减速器作为抽油机的重要传动装置,由于驴头悬点运动规律是周期性往复运动,悬点载荷不规则变化,故箱体所受载荷为脉动循环。为了验证减速器箱体的结构强度及不同工况下的疲劳强度是否满足设计要求,本课题以游梁式抽油机C228渐开线减速器为研究对象,基于有限元静力学、多体动力学、疲劳寿命分析理论,对抽油机关键机构进行结构分析,以有限元仿真方法为分析手段,建立抽油机四连杆机构和“齿轮-轴-轴承-箱体”仿真分析模型,运用nCode对减速器箱体进行疲劳寿命预估计算,为箱体的结构优化提供可靠性标准。(1)箱体载荷谱获取。对抽油机悬点载荷、减速器最大轴扭矩、带轮施加给最小轴的压轴力、抽油机四连杆对输出轴产生的运动反力、箱体最大载荷进行理论计算。建立抽油机地面装置模型,并将其输入Adams中,设定材料属性、机构配合关系、加载时间,添加力与驱动等建立仿真模型,提取减速器输出轴扭矩时间历程和每个轴承座的三个方向的载荷时间历程。(2)箱体静力、动力学分析。运用Pro/E建立减速器三维实体模型以及对其进行相应的简化处理,利用HyperMesh对模型进行四面体网格划分,赋予材料属性;在Ansys中对减速器箱体进行载荷施加及边界条件约束,求解得出应力云图和位移云图,最大应力为48MPa,位置在输出轴轴承座左侧上下箱体联接处区域,箱体Z方向上最大变形发生区域为输出轴轴承座孔右上方区域,位移量为123.8μm。提取箱体前六阶模态频率,并对相应的振型进行评估。(3)箱体疲劳寿命分析。运用Workbench建立减速器箱体疲劳寿命分析系统,采用准静态方法对减速器箱体进行18种工况单位载荷施加,在nCode中搭建箱体疲劳分析流程,结合有限元分析、材料S-N曲线和虚拟样机仿真获得的箱体载荷时间历程,对减速器箱体受力载荷谱进行雨流计数法统计并获得18种工况的雨流统计图,最终得到减速器箱体的最低循环次数为7.216E+007次,箱体最薄弱的位置和静强度分析最大应力位置一致。
[Abstract]:Beam pumping unit is an important ground power driving equipment in oil recovery system and is widely used in oil field.The poor working environment and changeable working conditions of the pumping unit will affect the performance of the pumping unit, such as strength, stiffness and dynamic characteristics, which can easily cause damage to the components.As an important driving device of pumping unit, the reducer is a pulsating cycle because the movement law of the donkey head suspension point is periodic reciprocating motion and the suspension point load changes irregularly.In order to verify whether the structural strength of the reducer box and fatigue strength under different working conditions can meet the design requirements, this paper takes the C228 involute reducer of the beam pumping unit as the research object, based on the finite element statics, multi-body dynamics.In the theory of fatigue life analysis, the structure of the key mechanism of pumping unit is analyzed. By means of finite element simulation method, the simulation analysis models of four-bar mechanism and "gear-shaft-bearing-box" of pumping unit are established.The fatigue life of the reducer box is estimated by nCode, which provides the reliability standard for the structural optimization of the box.The suspension load of the pumping unit, the maximum shaft torque of the reducer, the axial force applied to the minimum shaft with the wheel, the movement reaction force of the four-bar rod to the output shaft of the pumping unit and the maximum load of the box are calculated theoretically.The model of pumping unit ground device is established and input into Adams. The simulation model is established by setting up material properties, mechanism matching relationship, loading time, adding force and driving, etc.The torque time history of the output shaft of the reducer and the load time history of three directions of each housing.The three-dimensional solid model of reducer is established by Pro/E and its corresponding simplification is processed. The model is divided into tetrahedron mesh by HyperMesh, and the material attribute is given, and the load is applied and the boundary condition is restricted in Ansys.The results show that the maximum stress is 48 MPA and the maximum stress is 48 MPA. The position is located in the connecting area of the upper and lower boxes on the left side of the bearing seat of the output shaft. The maximum deformation area in the Z direction of the box is the upper right region of the bearing hole of the output shaft with a displacement of 123.8 渭 m.The first six modal frequencies of the box are extracted and the corresponding vibration modes are evaluated. 3) the fatigue life of the box is analyzed.The fatigue life analysis system of reducer box is established by using Workbench. The quasi-static method is used to apply the unit load to the reducer box under 18 working conditions. The fatigue analysis flow of the reducer box is set up in nCode, and the finite element analysis is combined.Material S-N curve and the time course of box load obtained by virtual prototype simulation, the load spectrum of reducer box is counted by rain flow counting method, and 18 kinds of rain flow charts are obtained.Finally, the lowest cycle number of the reducer box is 7.216E 007, and the weakest position of the box body is the same as the maximum stress position of static strength analysis.
【学位授予单位】：中原工学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE933.1

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