环境友好型抗菌织物研制

发布时间：2018-04-03 08:34

本文选题：镁基涂层织物　切入点：镁基织物　出处：《大连海事大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：抗菌织物通过制备抗菌纤维后织造成织物和织物抗菌后整理工艺两种方式得到。前者相较于后者工艺流程复杂,对抗菌剂的物化性能要求较高,但前者获得的织物抗菌剂用量少、抗菌效果好、耐洗性高。本文采用两种方式得到抗菌织物:一是预先制备抗菌母粒,经过熔融纺丝得到抗菌纤维,再将抗菌纤维纺织成抗菌织物;二是将织物经涂层后得到抗菌织物。定性测试操作简单,检测快速,但不能准确得出织物抗菌率。定量测试方法中应用较为广泛的有吸收法和振荡法两大类,得到的测试结果能够客观的评价织物抗菌性能。本文在AATCC-100法和振荡法的基础上,采用改良AATCC-100法和改良振荡法检测织物对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌性能,使测试方法更符合抗菌织物性质。目前国内外采用的织物抗菌剂主要分为无机抗菌剂、有机抗菌剂和天然抗菌剂。无机抗菌剂以其具备良好的耐热性、持久性、连续性和安全性,被广泛应用到抗菌织物中。近年来,银系抗菌剂、铜系抗菌剂、锌系抗菌剂等涉及重金属的使用,故采用环境友好型抗菌剂是趋势所在。本文采用镁基材料作为抗菌剂制备抗菌织物,符合环境友好型材料的发展趋势,得到的织物为环境友好型抗菌织物。抗菌纤维或织物在涉海人员健康保护、船舶污水处理和船舶废气处理等诸多方面均有广泛应用。实验结果表明:(1)1250目、2500目和5000目的水镁石原粉复配比例为1:1:2时,粉体致密,堆积密度大,制备的镁基涂层织物表面光滑。(2)纳米镁基粉体和PET母粒复配比例为1:4时制备成镁基母粒。(3)制备成纳米镁基粉体含量在1%～5%内的镁基织物。(4)镁基涂层织物对大肠杆菌抗菌作用良好,抑菌率在90%以上,对金黄色葡萄球菌抗菌效果较差。(5)采用镁基母粒制成的织物抗菌作用良好,纳米镁基粉体添加量5%的织物对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率均达到90%以上。
[Abstract]:Antimicrobial fabrics were obtained by the preparation of antibacterial fibers and the antibacterial finishing process.Compared with the latter, the former process is complex and requires higher physical and chemical properties of antimicrobial agents, but the former has the advantages of small amount of fabric antimicrobial agents, good antibacterial effect and high washing resistance.In this paper, antimicrobial fabrics were obtained by two methods: first, the antibacterial masterbatch was prepared in advance, then the antibacterial fiber was obtained by melt spinning, and then the antibacterial fiber was woven into the antibacterial fabric; the second, the antibacterial fabric was obtained after the fabric was coated.The qualitative test is simple and rapid, but it can not get the antibacterial rate of fabric accurately.There are two kinds of quantitative testing methods: absorption method and oscillatory method. The results can objectively evaluate the antibacterial properties of fabrics.Based on the AATCC-100 method and the oscillatory method, the modified AATCC-100 method and the modified oscillatory method were used to detect the antibacterial properties of the fabric against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.At present, fabric antimicrobial agents used at home and abroad are mainly divided into inorganic antimicrobial agents, organic antimicrobial agents and natural antimicrobial agents.Inorganic antimicrobial agents are widely used in antibacterial fabrics due to their good heat resistance, durability, continuity and safety.In recent years, the use of heavy metals is involved in the use of silver, copper and zinc series antimicrobials, so the use of environment-friendly antimicrobial agents is the trend.In this paper, magnesium base material was used as antimicrobial agent to prepare antibacterial fabric, which was in line with the development trend of environment-friendly material, and the obtained fabric was environment-friendly antibacterial fabric.Antibacterial fibers or fabrics are widely used in marine health protection, ship sewage treatment and ship waste gas treatment.The experimental results show that the powder is dense and the bulk density is high when the mixture ratio of 5000 object brucite and 1 250 mesh brucite raw powder is 1:1:2.The magnesia-based coated fabric containing 1% or 5% magnesium matrix powder has good antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli, when the surface of the coated fabric is smooth and the PET masterbatch is composed of nano-Mg-based powder and PET masterbatch at 1:4, and the magnesia-based masterbatch is prepared with the content of nano-Mg-based powder within 1%, and the content of Mg-base powder is less than 1%, and the magnesium-based coated fabric has good antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli.The bacteriostatic rate was more than 90%, and the antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus was not good.The bacteriostasis rate of the fabric containing 5% nano-Mg-based powder against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was more than 90%.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TS106

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