阳离子水性聚氨酯涂饰剂的制备与性能研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 08:01

  本文选题：阳离子水性聚氨酯　切入点：制备　出处：《武汉纺织大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：阳离子水性聚氨酯在其主链或侧链上带有阳离子基团,赋予阳离子水性聚氨酯与其它水性聚氨酯不同的优异功能,但阳离子基团提供水性聚氨酯良好的自乳化性的同时,也降低了聚氨酯胶膜的耐水性。本课题制备出具备良好稳定性的阳离子水性聚氨酯,同时改善了阳离子水性聚氨酯胶膜的耐水性和柔软性。本课题对聚氨酯胶膜弹性、延伸性、耐水增重率、接触角、热重分析、结构表征进行了测试与评价;同时,对聚氨酯乳液稳定性进行测试,包括贮存稳定性、高温稳定性、冻融稳定性、电解质稳定性、耐酸碱稳定性以及稀释稳定性等,还对乳液粒径及其分布等进行了测试。本课题合成了聚酯型、聚醚型聚氨酯,分别用不同含量的有机硅化合物、自主设计制备的有机硅化合物、硬脂酸单甘油酯(GMS)对阳离子水性聚氨酯进行改性,最后研究了不同含量亲水性扩链剂对水性聚氨酯性能的影响。试验表明:聚酯型聚氨酯的乳液稳定性良好,但胶膜的力学性能、耐水性和拒水性较差;聚醚型聚氨酯的胶膜的力学性能和耐水性良好,但乳液高温稳定性、耐酸碱稳定性和拒水性差。聚酯二醇(PE2348)与聚醚三醇(ZC330)混合双软段合成水性聚氨酯,m(PE2348):m(ZC330)≥1:1时,有利于乳液稳定性的提高、粒径的减小、胶膜接触角的提高,但m(PE2348):m(ZC330)比值的增大会降低胶膜耐水性,同时力学性能变差,TG显示耐热稳定性变差。羟烃基聚硅氧烷(PPC)改性导致聚酯型聚氨酯乳液变黄,耐水性和力学性能变差;但wt(PPC)≤11%对聚醚型聚氨酯改性效果较好,可提高乳液的稳定性、耐水性和拒水性,改善手感,但力学性能变差。自制有机硅聚合物(PS)改性聚氨酯,能改善胶膜手感和耐水性,但胶膜力学性能和乳液稳定性变差。以硬脂酸单甘油酯(GMS)对聚氨酯进行改性后,接入量wt.3%,胶膜手感滑爽,耐水性变好,但力学性能变差,同时聚酯型聚氨酯胶膜拒水性变好,但乳液稳定性变差;聚醚型聚氨酯乳液稳定性变好,但拒水性变差。亲水性扩链剂(N120)的引入会降低聚氨酯的耐水性和拒水性。N-甲基二乙醇胺(MDEA)含量为6%~7%时,粒径最小为61nm,拒水性较大,MDEA含量的升高会降低胶膜的耐水性。
[Abstract]:Cationic waterborne polyurethane has cationic group on its main chain or side chain, which endows cationic waterborne polyurethane with different functions from other waterborne polyurethane, but the cationic group provides good self-emulsifying property of waterborne polyurethane.It also reduces the water resistance of polyurethane film.In this paper, cationic waterborne polyurethane with good stability was prepared, and the water resistance and softness of cationic waterborne polyurethane film were improved.In this paper, the elasticity, extensibility, water resistance, contact angle, thermogravimetric analysis and structure characterization of polyurethane film were tested and evaluated, and the stability of polyurethane emulsion was tested, including storage stability and high temperature stability.Freezing and thawing stability, electrolyte stability, acid and alkali resistance and dilution stability were tested. The particle size and distribution of emulsion were also measured.Polyester polyurethane and polyether polyurethane were synthesized in this paper. Cationic waterborne polyurethane was modified by organic silicon compounds with different contents, organic silicon compounds designed by ourselves and glycerol monostearic acid monoglyceride (GMSs).Finally, the effects of different hydrophilic chain extenders on the properties of waterborne polyurethane were studied.The results showed that the emulsion of polyester polyurethane had good stability, but the mechanical property, water resistance and water repellency of the film were poor, the mechanical property and water resistance of polyurethane film of polyether type were good, but the emulsion was stable at high temperature.Acid and alkali stability and water repellency are poor.鑱氶叝浜岄唶(PE2348)涓庤仛閱氫笁閱，

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