耐温性阴离子双子表面活性剂清洁压裂液增稠机理研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 09:00

本文选题：阴离子双子表面活性剂 + 增稠机理　；参考：《长江大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着低渗透油气藏的不断开发,对压裂液性能要求也越来越高,最近几年发展起来的清洁压裂液在很大程度上解决了传统压裂液破胶难、滤失高、残渣多的缺点。清洁压裂液增稠剂主要为特定表面活性剂,表面活性剂增稠效果直接影响清洁压裂液性能。阴离子双子表面活性剂具有更低的临界胶束浓度和地层岩石吸附损失;且水溶性好,对地层渗透率基本无伤害;其在低浓度时可形成曲率较小的胶束结构,增粘效果明显,在降低清洁压裂液药剂用量及成本方面潜力巨大。目前国内外对于清洁压裂液的研究主要针对新型表面活性剂制备和清洁压裂液的粘弹性、伤害性、流变性、摩阻性、控缝高性等的实验研究。关于表面活性剂增稠清洁压裂液机理研究尚处于初始阶段,浓度、助剂及纳米粒子表面活性剂溶液粘度影响机理更是鲜有报道。因此,耐温型阴离子双子表面活性剂清洁压裂液增稠机理研究具有极其重要的意义。针对这一问题,本文参照SY/T5107-2005考察了阴离子双子表面活性剂耐温性、分子结构与其溶液粘度构效关系,浓度、助剂、纳米粒子对DS10-2-10及DS18-3-18溶液粘度的影响。表征了不同分子结构阴离子双子表面活性剂在溶液中自组装的胶束形态,表征了不同浓度、助剂、纳米粒子下DS10-2-10及DS18-3-18溶液自组装成的胶束形态。耐温性评价实验表明磺酸盐双子表面活性剂DS10-2-10耐温性最佳、DS18-3-18耐温性次之,DS10-2-10与DS18-3-18在溶液中均自组装形成片状胶束,表明片状胶束具有较强的耐温性。根据对溶液增稠效果排序,表面活性剂在溶液中自组装形成的胶束形态依次为蠕虫状、片状、棒状、球状、层状;蠕虫状胶束数量越多,蠕虫状胶束相互缠结成的空间网架结构越密集,溶液粘度越高;直径较大的球状胶束对溶液粘度贡献大于直径较小的球状胶束。DS10-2-10在浓度为0.2-2.5%变化过程中,溶液中自组装形成的胶束经历了棒状到片状的变化过程,且片状胶束尺寸逐渐增大,DS10-2-10溶液粘度增加;随浓度增加,DS18-3-18在溶液中自组装胶束形态经历了片状胶束、蠕虫状胶束的过程,且片状胶束呈增加趋势,DS18-3-18溶液粘度增加。4%DS18-3-18添加NaCl、苯甲酸钠、十二醇、十二烷基苯磺酸钠后,DS18-3-18在溶液中自组装成的片状胶束发生变化,溶液粘度也发生相应变化。加入0.3%纳米SiO2后,纳米SiO2在溶液中发生团聚现象,许多SiO2聚集在一起呈球状并附着在DS18-3-18自组装形成的片状胶束上,阻碍了片状胶束的舒张,宏观上表现为溶液粘度大幅度降低。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of low permeability reservoirs, the requirements of fracturing fluid performance are becoming more and more high. The clean fracturing fluid developed in recent years has solved to a large extent the shortcomings of traditional fracturing fluid, such as difficult to break glue, high filtration loss and much residue.The thickening agent of clean fracturing fluid is mainly a specific surfactant, and the thickening effect of surfactant directly affects the performance of clean fracturing fluid.The anionic Gemini surfactants have lower critical micelle concentration and lower rock adsorption loss, and have good water solubility and have no damage to formation permeability. At low concentrations, the anionic Gemini surfactants can form micellar structures with smaller curvature, and the viscosity enhancement effect is obvious.It has great potential in reducing the dosage and cost of clean fracturing fluid.At present, the research on clean fracturing fluid is mainly focused on the preparation of new surfactants and the experimental study of viscoelasticity, damage, rheology, friction and fracturing height of clean fracturing fluid.The study on the mechanism of surfactant thickening and cleaning fracturing fluid is still in the initial stage, and the influence mechanism of concentration, additives and nano-particle surfactant solution viscosity is rarely reported.Therefore, it is of great significance to study the thickening mechanism of temperature-resistant anionic Gemini surfactants.In order to solve this problem, the effects of SY/T5107-2005 on the viscosity of DS10-2-10 and DS18-3-18 solutions were investigated by referring to SY/T5107-2005, the relationship between the structure and the structure of the anionic Gemini surfactants and their solution viscosity, the concentration, the additives and the nanoparticles.The self-assembled micelle morphology of anionic Gemini surfactants with different molecular structures in solution was characterized. The micelle morphology of DS10-2-10 and DS18-3-18 solutions with different concentrations and auxiliaries were characterized.The evaluation of temperature resistance of sulfonate Gemini surfactant DS10-2-10 shows that the best temperature tolerance of sulfonate Gemini surfactant is DS18-3-18. DS10-2-10 and DS18-3-18 are self-assembled in solution to form flake micelles, which indicates that the lamellar micelles have strong temperature tolerance.According to the order of thickening effect of solution, the micelle morphology of surfactant self-assembled in solution is wormlike, flake, rod, ball, layer, the more the number of wormlike micelles,The denser the intertwined space structure of the worm-like micelles, the higher the solution viscosity, and the larger the spherical micelles, the greater the viscosity contribution of the spherical micelles. DS10-2-10 is larger than the spherical micelles with smaller diameters, and the concentration of the spherical micelles is 0.2-2.5%.The micelle formed by self-assembly in solution experienced the process of changing from rod to sheet, and the viscosity of the solution increased gradually with the increase of the size of micelle, and the morphology of self-assembled micelle of DS18-3-18 experienced sheet micelle with the increase of concentration.The process of worm-like micelles, and the increasing trend of sheet micelles. The viscosity of DS18-3-18 solution increased. 4% DS 18-3-18 added NaCl, sodium benzoate, dodecanol, dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and then the self-assembled sheet micelles of DS18-3-18 in solution changed.The viscosity of the solution also changed accordingly.After the addition of 0.3% nanometer SiO2, nano SiO2 agglomerates in the solution, and many SiO2 aggregates on the sheet micelles formed by DS18-3-18 self-assembly, which hinders the relaxation of the flake micelles, and macroscopically shows that the viscosity of the solution decreases greatly.
【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE357.12

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