采煤机整机动力学研究及行走轮受力分析

发布时间：2018-06-14 15:36

本文选题：采煤机 + 整机动力学　；参考：《太原理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：采煤机牵引部行走轮在实际工作过程中,经常会发生断齿现象,而行走轮齿的非正常断裂严重影响采煤机的正常运行和安全。由于行走轮受力情况复杂,而且实际工作过程中提取困难,所以行走轮损坏的原因较难确定。为了寻找行走轮经常损坏的原因,本文进行了正常截割工况和斜切工况下采煤机整机动力学研究,并对行走轮进行受力分析。首先,建立采煤机整机动力学模型,基于理论力学、振动力学,建立采煤机外部载荷从滚筒传递到行走轮处的载荷传递方程,测定采煤机各简化部分结构、位置参数,求解载荷传递方程,并对影响载荷传递的因素进行分析。其次,基于相似理论,搭建采煤机滚筒-假煤壁试验台,进行滚筒截割假煤壁试验,提取滚筒截割煤壁时滚筒所受三向力和扭矩信号,换算得到实际滚筒截煤时滚筒处所受载荷;利用LS-DYNA建立采煤机滚筒和煤岩的有限元模型,进行滚筒截割假煤壁仿真研究,获取滚筒质心处所受三向力和转矩;利用前人总结的采煤机滚筒截煤时,滚筒受力公式,对采煤机滚筒所受的三向力进行理论计算;将上述三种方法得到的滚筒截煤载荷进行对比分析,选择试验结果中的三向力和仿真结果中的转矩作为外部载荷,施加到采煤机整机虚拟样机的滚筒质心处。利用ADAMS建立采煤机整机正常截割工况下虚拟样机模型,将滚筒外部载荷施加到ADAMS虚拟样机滚筒质心处,并使采煤机虚拟样机沿着销轨进行整机移动。提取在整机移动过程中,行走轮与销轨接触力,分析对比理论方程与仿真结果,验证仿真结果的真实性。发现在整机受载条件下,左右侧行走轮与销排接触力均值、峰值要比整机不受载时,高出10%~15%;采煤机启动时,右侧行走轮与销排之间接触力约为稳定行走时的38.99倍,左侧行走轮与销排之间接触力也可以达到13.75倍,为寻找行走轮的损坏原因提供有利线索。然后,对行走轮结构进行简化,对行走轮齿面所受载荷进行分析,利用ANSYS进行行走轮瞬态啮合动力学分析,结合行走轮实际工作中的损坏情况,找到行走轮齿受力与破坏形式之间的关系。此外,利用ADAMS建立采煤机整机斜切进刀工况下虚拟样机模型,进行整机运动学仿真;提取行走轮与销轨接触力、导向滑靴与销轨接触力进行分析,得到行走轮所受接触力峰值、均值和导向滑靴接触力峰值、均值,为之后行走轮破坏形式分析提供载荷依据。
[Abstract]:In the actual working process of the walking wheel of the traction part of the shearer, the phenomenon of tooth breaking often occurs, and the abnormal fracture of the gear teeth of the walking wheel seriously affects the normal operation and safety of the shearer. It is difficult to determine the cause of the damage of the walking wheel because of the complicated force and the difficulty of extracting in the actual working process. In order to find out the cause of the frequent damage of the walking wheel, the dynamics of the shearer under the normal cutting condition and the oblique cutting condition is studied in this paper, and the force on the walking wheel is analyzed. First of all, the dynamic model of shearer is established. Based on theoretical mechanics and vibration dynamics, the load transfer equation of shearer external load from drum to walking wheel is established, and the structure and position parameters of each simplified part of shearer are measured. The load transfer equation is solved and the factors affecting load transfer are analyzed. Secondly, based on the theory of similarity, the paper sets up the test-bed of shearer drum and pseudo coal wall, carries on the test of cutting off false coal wall, and extracts the signal of three direction force and torque of drum when cutting coal wall. The finite element model of drum and coal rock of shearer is established by LS-DYNA, and the simulation study of cutting pseudo-coal wall of drum is carried out to obtain the three-way force and torque of the center of mass of drum. In this paper, the three-way force of the shearer drum is calculated by using the formula of force acting on the drum of the shearer, and the load of the drum is compared and analyzed by the three methods mentioned above, and the results are as follows: (1) when cutting coal from the drum of the shearer, the force formula of the drum is used to calculate the three-way force of the drum. The triaxial force in the test results and the torque in the simulation results are selected as external loads to apply to the roller center of the whole virtual prototype of the shearer. The virtual prototype model of shearer under normal cutting condition is established by Adams. The external load of drum is applied to the center of mass of roller of Adams virtual prototype, and the virtual prototype of shearer moves along the pin rail. The contact force between the walking wheel and the pin rail is extracted during the whole machine movement, and the theoretical equation and the simulation results are analyzed and compared to verify the authenticity of the simulation results. It is found that the peak value of the contact force between the left and the right walking wheel and the pin and discharge is 10 / 15 higher than that when the whole machine is not loaded, and the contact force between the right walking wheel and the pin is 38.99 times that when the shearer is started. The contact force between the left walking wheel and the pin row can also reach 13.75 times, which provides a favorable clue for finding the cause of the damage of the walking wheel. Then, the structure of the walking wheel is simplified, the load on the tooth surface of the walking wheel is analyzed, and the transient meshing dynamics of the walking wheel is analyzed by ANSYS. The relationship between force and failure form of walking gear teeth is found. In addition, the virtual prototype model is established by Adams to simulate the whole machine kinematics, the contact force between the walking wheel and the pin rail is extracted, the contact force between the guide shoe and the pin rail is analyzed, and the peak value of the contact force of the walking wheel is obtained. The mean value and the peak value of the contact force of the guide skid provide the load basis for the analysis of the failure form of the walking wheel.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD421.6

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