动力鼠洞总体设计及夹紧机构动力分析

发布时间：2018-06-23 00:59

本文选题：动力鼠洞 + 夹紧扶正　；参考：《长江大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：鼠洞是石油钻采过程中接单根的装置,在整个石油钻采过程中扮演着不可或缺的角色。而在我国传统的石油钻采过程中,鼠洞接单根过程需要钻井工人手动操作,钻井工人的劳动强度大,工作条件差,安全性较低,井口机械化的改进迫在眉睫。另一方面顶驱的出现使得钻采过程中接单根变接立根成为了可能,这样可以节约非钻进时间,提高钻井效率。这一切都促进了新型动力鼠洞的研究,促使带有可扶正和伸缩功能的鼠洞的出现。对目前已广泛使用的最新型动力鼠洞,针对其无法保证钻杆的垂直下落和钻杆落入底部时对底部造成较大冲击的缺点,在仔细查阅资料和相关文献后,提出了改进设计新型的动力鼠洞扶正夹紧装置的建议。在检索现有鼠洞的工作参数后,拟定新型的动力鼠洞装置可处理的管柱直径范围为76mm—254mm。新型夹紧扶正装置的主要零件是竖直面上上下布置的两组滚轴装置,当钻杆下放进鼠洞后,两组滚轴装置在液压缸的推动下同步向中间靠拢夹紧钻杆,保证钻杆的垂直下落,避免与鼠洞管内壁之间的产生刮擦。其次是将滚轴装置和液压系统相连接,利用人工控制的液压系统来制动滚轴的转动,通过改变滚轴和钻杆之间摩擦力的大小来达到对下落钻杆减速的目的。在确定新型动力鼠洞的设计方案后对动力鼠洞夹紧钳装置的主要零部件进行了详细的计算和校核,对标准件进行了计算和选型。确定完主要零件的尺寸后,绘制二维零件图和装配图,三维的建模和装配。对结构的ANSYS仿真分析主要进行了静力学和动力学两方面。静力学分析主要是对受力复杂的零件,文中选取了滚轴和内壳体两个零件,参照设计过程中计算的受力情况对零件施加载荷,对计算结果输出的应力和位移云图进行分析,确保其可靠性。在对滚轴的计算中,由于滚轴的旋转,键槽的受力方向一直在变化,因此在分析完滚轴的初始位置(上下两个键槽的中心线在一个垂直面上)后,分别分析滚轴旋转45°,90°,135°的位移和应力云图。动力学分析主要是对夹紧扶正装置中的齿轮进行了模态分析,避免因齿轮的转速和齿轮本身的固有频率同步形成共振,对夹紧扶正装置造成破坏。
[Abstract]:Rodent hole is a device with single root in the process of oil drilling and production, which plays an indispensable role in the whole process of oil drilling and production. In the traditional oil drilling and production process in China, the drilling workers need manual operation to connect the single root in the rat hole. The workers' labor intensity is high, the working conditions are poor, the safety is low, and the improvement of the mechanization of the wellhead is imminent. On the other hand, the emergence of top drive makes it possible to connect single root to vertical root in the process of drilling and production, which can save non-drilling time and improve drilling efficiency. All this contributed to the study of new dynamic rodents and the emergence of rodent caverns with rectifying and retractable functions. For the most new type of power rat hole which has been widely used at present, aiming at the disadvantage that it can not guarantee the vertical drop of drill pipe and the bigger impact on bottom when the drill pipe falls into the bottom, after carefully consulting the data and related literature, Some suggestions for improving the design of a new type of clamping device for power rodent hole are put forward. After retrieving the working parameters of the existing rodent holes, the diameter range of the new power rodent hole device is 76mm-254mm. The main parts of the new clamping and leveling device are two groups of rolling shaft devices arranged up and down the vertical plane. When the drill pipe is put down into the rat hole, the two groups of rolling shaft devices synchronously close the clamped drill pipe to the middle under the push of the hydraulic cylinder, so as to ensure the vertical drop of the drill pipe. Avoid scratching between the inner wall of the rat hole tube. Secondly, the roller device is connected with the hydraulic system, and the manual controlled hydraulic system is used to brake the rotation of the roller shaft. The purpose of decelerating the falling drill pipe is achieved by changing the friction between the roller and the drill pipe. After determining the design scheme of the new power rodent hole, the main parts of the clamping clamp device of the power rodent hole are calculated and checked in detail, and the standard parts are calculated and selected. After determining the dimensions of the main parts, draw two-dimensional part drawings and assembly drawings, 3-D modeling and assembly. The ANSYS simulation analysis of the structure is mainly carried out in two aspects: statics and dynamics. Static analysis is mainly for the parts with complicated forces. Two parts, the roller and the inner shell, are selected in this paper. According to the calculated stress in the design process, the load is applied to the parts, and the stress and displacement cloud diagram of the output of the calculation results are analyzed. Ensure its reliability. In the calculation of the roller shaft, the stress direction of the keyway is always changing because of the rotation of the roller shaft, so after analyzing the initial position of the roller shaft (the center line of the upper and lower keyways is on a vertical plane), The displacement and stress cloud images of 45 掳~ 90 掳~ (135 掳) rotation of the roller shaft are analyzed respectively. The main purpose of dynamic analysis is to analyze the mode of the gear in the clamping and leveling device to avoid resonance caused by the speed of the gear and the inherent frequency of the gear itself and damage to the clamping and leveling device.
【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE9

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