光学活性螺旋聚氨酯固体电解质的制备和性能研究

发布时间：2018-07-08 08:18

  本文选题：光学活性 + 螺旋聚氨酯　； 参考：《南京理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：微电子技术和能源产业的迅速发展,对储能锂电池的性能要求越来越高。近年,为设计制造出更高性能的锂离子电池,越来越多的科研人员将研究重点转移到对锂电池用聚合物固体电解质的研究上。与传统液体电解质相比,聚合物固体电解质具有不易漏液、易加工、热稳定性好、能量密度高等特点。将新型光学活性螺旋结构的聚氨酯材料引入到电解质中,对于电解质基体材料的扩充,新材料的开发设计具有重要意义。本论文主要在以下几方面做了研究:1.采用不同路线合成出L-酪氨酸苄酯聚氨酯和不同对映体过量百分数的戊酯聚氨酯,利用红外(IR),核磁(NMR)分析确定聚合物结构,通过红外光谱研究了不同对映体过量百分数戊酯聚氨酯分子中氢键化程度,利用XRD分析了聚合物结晶性,并结合紫外光谱(UV-Vis)与圆二色谱(CD)证明L-酪氨酸戊酯聚氨酯具有规整有序的螺旋二级结构,而外消旋聚氨酯不具有光学活性,且分子链成无规卷曲状态;2.利用交流阻抗技术(EIS)研究了不同锂盐种类,不同锂盐含量以及聚氨酯侧链结构对聚合物固体电解质离子电导率的影响,通过对不同对映体过量百分数聚氨酯基体材料光学活性,二级结构以及对应的聚氨酯基固体电解质交流阻抗谱进行研究,证明规整有序的螺旋二级结构能够有效的提高电解质材料的离子电导率。3.对光学活性螺旋聚氨酯基固体电解质进行改性研究,通过与聚甲基丙烯酸锂共混制备的电解质薄膜,具有更高的离子电导率5.78×10~(-5)S/cm,热重分析表明:实验制备的固体电解质膜在200℃才会出现分解,具有良好的热稳定性。同时通过简单设计合成出单离子型螺旋聚氨酯固体电解质,并通过和离子液体共混,使离子电导率得到提高,室温达到6.12×10~(-6)S/cm。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of microelectronics and energy industry, the performance of energy storage lithium battery is becoming more and more important. In recent years, in order to design and manufacture lithium ion batteries with higher performance, more and more researchers focus on polymer solid electrolytes for lithium batteries. Compared with conventional liquid electrolytes, polymer solid electrolytes are characterized by easy leakage, easy processing, good thermal stability and high energy density. The introduction of novel optical active helical polyurethane materials into electrolytes is of great significance for the expansion of electrolyte matrix materials and the development and design of new materials. This thesis has done the research in the following several aspects: 1. L-tyrosine benzyl ester polyurethane and amyl ester polyurethane with different enantiomeric excess percentage were synthesized by different routes. The structure of the polymer was determined by IR and NMR analysis. The degree of hydrogen bonding in polyurethanes with different enantiomers was studied by IR, and the crystallinity of the polymers was analyzed by XRD. Combined with UV-Vis and circular dichroism (CD), it was proved that L- tyrosine amyl ester polyurethane had a regular and ordered helical secondary structure, whereas racemic polyurethane had no optical activity, and its molecular chain was in a random coil state. The effects of different kinds of lithium salts, different lithium content and side chain structure of polyurethane on ionic conductivity of polymer solid electrolyte were studied by using alternating current impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The optical activity of polyurethane matrix materials with different enantiomer excess percentage was studied. The secondary structure and the corresponding impedance spectroscopy of polyurethane based solid electrolyte show that the ordered spiral secondary structure can effectively improve the ionic conductivity of electrolyte. The modification of optical active helical polyurethane based solid electrolyte was studied. The electrolyte film was prepared by blending with lithium polymethacrylate. The ionic conductivity is 5.78 脳 10 ~ (-5) S / cm. The thermogravimetric analysis shows that the solid electrolyte membrane prepared by the experiment only decomposes at 200 鈩，

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