基于巴克豪森效应的无损检测关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-08-02 15:28

【摘要】：齿轮作为装备制造业中不可或缺的重要零部件,其性能的提高对制造业有着举足轻重的作用。抗疲劳制造的核心是在零部件表面形成变质层,以此来提高零部件的疲劳寿命,残余压应力就是变质层的重要特性之一,因此对于残余压应力的检测也是重要的研究课题。巴克豪森噪声是德国科学家巴克豪森教授首先发现的,随着该技术的不断发展,其已在铁磁性材料的微观结构和残余应力检测等方面有了广泛的应用。本文在对巴克豪森噪声产生机理深入研究基础上,设计了基于巴克豪森噪声的励磁检测传感器,搭建了一套巴克豪森残余应力检测系统,包括硬件的搭建以及信号分析程序的设计,本文将重点对检测系统各部分进行详细的介绍和分析。首先对巴克豪森噪声检测的国内外研究现状进行了介绍,包括国内外学者的研究成果以及基于巴克豪森噪声的检测设备研制成果;研究了巴克豪森噪声产生的机理以及影响巴克豪森噪声的主要因素,包括材料基体本身、材料微观结构、激励信号幅值及频率等。其次,设计并完成了励磁检测传感器、巴克豪森残余应力检测系统的搭建等工作,硬件部分包括信号发生器、功率放大器、励磁检测传感器、信号调理模块、数据采集卡、PC机的设计选型工作;软件部分主要完成对信号的采集和分析工作,利用Labview软件设计了信号分析器,完成对采集信号的滤波放大、时域特征提取等工作。最后,利用实验室水射流喷丸强化设备、所搭建的巴克豪森残余应力检测系统进行残余应力与巴克豪森噪声之间影响规律的试验研究,研究残余压应力对诸如均方根、均值、振铃数等巴克豪森噪声特征的影响规律。
[Abstract]:Gear is an indispensable part in the equipment manufacturing industry, and the improvement of its performance plays an important role in the manufacturing industry. The core of anti-fatigue manufacturing is to form a metamorphic layer on the surface of the parts to improve the fatigue life of the parts. The residual compressive stress is one of the important characteristics of the metamorphic layer, so the detection of residual compressive stress is also an important research topic. Barkhausen noise was first discovered by German scientist Professor Barkhausen. With the development of this technology, Barkhausen noise has been widely used in the microstructure and residual stress detection of ferromagnetic materials. In this paper, based on the research of Barkhausen noise generation mechanism, an excitation sensor based on Barkhausen noise is designed, and a Barkhausen residual stress detection system is built. Including hardware construction and signal analysis program design, this paper will focus on the detection system of each part of the detailed introduction and analysis. Firstly, the research status of Barkhausen noise detection at home and abroad is introduced, including the research results of scholars at home and abroad and the research results of detection equipment based on Barkhausen noise. The mechanism of Barkhausen noise and the main factors affecting Barkhausen noise are studied, including the material matrix itself, the microstructure of material, the amplitude and frequency of excitation signal, etc. Secondly, the excitation detection sensor and the structure of Barkhausen residual stress detection system are designed and completed. The hardware includes signal generator, power amplifier, excitation detection sensor, signal conditioning module, etc. In the software part, the signal acquisition and analysis work is completed, and the signal analyzer is designed by using Labview software, which can filter and amplify the acquisition signal and extract the feature in time domain. Finally, the experimental study on the influence of residual stress and Barkhausen noise on the residual stress is carried out by using the laboratory water-jet shot peening equipment, and the residual compressive stress to the root of mean square (RMS) and mean value (RMS) is studied. The influence law of Barkhausen noise characteristics such as ringing number.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH132.41;TG115.28

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