基于多孔介质散射的滤筒脉冲喷吹清灰特性研究

发布时间：2018-08-07 08:09

【摘要】：过滤式除尘器对粉尘净化是其它除尘器无法做到的,且具有清灰效果好、处理气量大、滤袋寿命长、维修工作量小、运行安全可靠等优点,已成为粉尘污染控制的重要方式之一。过滤式除尘器应用中清灰系统的好坏直接关系到除尘器能否高效、安全、经济运行。但目前工程实际中脉冲清灰技术还存在很多有待研究和解决的问题。有的清灰效果不良,滤袋阻力大;有的清灰强度过大,损伤滤袋;有的清灰强度不均匀,部分滤料失效,不但影响清灰效果,而且增大了布袋的阻力等等。所以清灰的好坏直接关系除尘器能否良好的运行,因此过滤式除尘器清灰技术是除尘器性能的决定性因素和关键技术之一。本研究针对过滤式除尘器清灰不均匀、部分滤料清灰失效的问题,开发泡沫镍多孔介质散射器、网状多孔散射器、铝制多孔散射器;选用φ325×1000mm滤筒,建立了脉冲喷吹实验台;通过实验和对多孔介质散射器数值模拟,对滤筒除尘器脉冲清灰时性能进行了研究。实验结果表明,通过在喷嘴下安装不同多孔介质散射器的方式,可在保证有效清灰强度的同时,有效改善滤筒沿长度方向的侧壁压力峰值分布的均匀性,保证滤料各部分具有相同的清灰强度,防止了传统清灰方式造成的上部滤料清灰失效、下部滤料破损的现象,保证了过滤式除尘器的正常工作。具体结论如下:当处于各自最佳工况参数下,无散射器时上、中、下侧壁压力峰值为1.61、1.72、2.91KPa,泡沫镍多孔介质散射器上、中、下侧壁压力峰值为1.60、1.20、1.37KPa,不锈钢网状散射器上、中、下侧壁压力峰值为1.37、0.51、1.01KPa,侧壁开孔铝制多孔散射器上、中、下侧壁压力峰值为1.58、0.59、1.13KPa,顶部开孔开孔铝制多孔散射器上、中、下侧壁压力峰值为1.89、1.20、1.37KPa。相对于无散射器来说,安装多孔介质散射器明显改善滤筒下部压力过大的情况,且提高了滤筒长度方向上的清灰均匀性,延长了滤筒的使用寿命,提高滤筒除尘效率。同时,利用计算流体动力学软件,对滤筒除尘器无散射器及采用多孔介质散射器时的内部清灰流场进行模拟,数值模拟结果表明,采用多孔介质散射器,滤筒沿长度方向上内壁清灰压力的均匀性优于传统清灰方式,可改善滤筒清灰效果,同时,随着孔隙率的增加,沿长度方向上内壁清灰压力分布均匀性在增加,这与实验结果相一致。研究结果表明,利用散射器方式可有效的提高滤筒脉冲清灰侧壁压力分布的均匀性,研究结果可为过滤式除尘器的清灰系统性能改善提供借鉴和参考。
[Abstract]:The filter type dust collector is unable to purify the dust, and has the advantages of good cleaning effect, large amount of gas treatment, long life of filter bag, small maintenance workload, safe and reliable operation, etc. It has become one of the important ways of dust pollution control. In the application of filter dust collector, the quality of ash removal system is directly related to whether the dust collector can operate efficiently, safely and economically. However, there are still many problems to be studied and solved in engineering practice. Some of them have bad cleaning effect and the filter bag resistance is large; some of them are too strong to clear ash and damage the filter bag; some of them have uneven cleaning intensity and some filter materials are invalid which not only affects the ash cleaning effect but also increases the resistance of cloth bag and so on. Therefore, the quality of ash removal is directly related to the good operation of the dust collector, so filter dust removal technology is the decisive factor and one of the key technologies in the performance of dust collector. In this study, aiming at the problem of uneven cleaning of dust in filter dust collector and failure of cleaning of some filter materials, we developed foamed nickel porous media scatters, reticulated porous scatters, aluminum porous scatters, and used 蠁 325 脳 1000mm filter barrel to establish a pulse injection test bench. Through experiments and numerical simulation of porous media scatterers, the performance of filter drum dust remover during pulse ash cleaning is studied. The experimental results show that by installing different porous media scatters under the nozzle, the effective ash removal strength can be guaranteed and the uniformity of the peak pressure distribution of the side wall along the length of the filter tube can be effectively improved. All parts of the filter material have the same ash removal strength, which prevent the failure of the upper filter material caused by the traditional cleaning method and the damage of the lower filter material, and ensure the normal operation of the filter dust collector. The results are as follows: when there are no scatters, the peak pressure of the lower side is 1.61g / 1.72n 2.91KPa, and the peak of the pressure of the lower side is 1.600.20 / 1.37KPa. the peak value of the pressure on the lower side is 1.600.20 / 1.37KPa. in the stainless steel mesh scatterer, the peak value of the pressure on the foamed nickel porous media is 1.61g / 1.72 / 2.91KPA, respectively. The peak pressure of the lower side wall is 1.37 脳 0.51 ~ 1.01 KPA, the peak pressure of the middle and lower side wall is 1.58 ~ 0.59 ~ 1.13KPa. the peak value of the pressure of the lower side wall is 1.89g / 1.201.37KPa. the peak value of the pressure of the lower side wall is 1.89U 1.201.37kPa. the peak value of the pressure of the lower side wall is 1.37KPa. on the top of the perforated aluminum diffractor. Compared with no scatterers, the installation of porous media scatterers can obviously improve the pressure of the lower part of the filter tube, improve the homogeneity of ash removal in the direction of the length of the filter tube, prolong the service life of the filter tube, and improve the dust removal efficiency of the filter tube. At the same time, using the computational fluid dynamics software, the internal dust removal flow field of the filter drum dust collector without scatterer and with the porous media scatterer is simulated. The numerical simulation results show that the porous media scatterer is used. The homogeneity of the cleaning pressure of the inner wall along the length direction of the filter tube is better than that of the traditional ash cleaning method, which can improve the ash cleaning effect of the filter tube. At the same time, with the increase of porosity, the homogeneity of the distribution of the cleaning pressure along the inner wall along the length direction is increasing. This is consistent with the experimental results. The results show that the uniformity of the pressure distribution on the side wall of the filter pulse cleaning can be improved effectively by using the scattering device, and the results can be used for reference and reference to improve the performance of the dust cleaning system of the filter type dust collector.
【学位授予单位】：西南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X701.2

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