石墨烯基复合抗菌纸的制备及表征研究

发布时间：2018-09-01 09:17

【摘要】：最近几年,石墨烯材料(单层/少层石墨烯、氧化石墨烯、还原氧化石墨烯)的抗菌活性的研究引起了国内外科研工作者的广泛关注,石墨烯材料不仅作为一种潜在的抗菌剂,而且作为组织工程支架涂层材料,具有抗菌活性的石墨烯都存在巨大的应用潜力。低维化学修饰的石墨烯片(L-CMG)具有独特的结构及物理化学和生物学性质,而且易于复合形成复合物。以粉末(涂层)、自支撑纸/膜及三维多孔结构形式存在。尤其是以L-CMG为模块构筑三维宏观材料,可以同时拥有可操控性和多功能的优势,在多种领域显示出巨大的应用前景。银纳米粒子是传统的抗菌剂,将L-CMG和银复合,石墨烯材料为银纳米粒子提供了柔性基底,并确保Ag能够在液相中均匀分散,有助于提高Ag纳米粒子的分布和利用率,并增大了纳米颗粒与细菌的接触面积,从而提高Ag纳米粒子与细菌的接触几率,实现协同抗菌的作用。碳纤维作为复合材料常用的增韧纤维,具有高强度、高模量、低密度、耐腐蚀、导电性、传热性、比重轻及生物相容性好等优点,已在航空、航天、核工业等行业有广泛应用。碳纤维复合功能纸也在电极材料等材料化学领域有着广阔应用。采用改进的Hummers方法,结合滴涂和阶梯热处理方法,我们以L-CMG为模块制备了氧化石墨烯纸(GOP)和还原氧化石墨烯纸(rGOP),材料具有柔性、导电、抗菌和哺乳细胞相容的性质。但是由于在较低的温度下完成的热还原,因此石墨烯纸质材料的结晶程度较低,即使片层排列整齐,抗拉强度仍然较低。为此,本论文在保持原制备方法优势的前提下,提出以短切纤维为增强相,以期提高石墨烯纸的强度;此外,将研究复合Ag纳米粒子,目的是一方面验证所制备的石墨烯纸的抗菌活性,另一方面作为载体,通过担载Ag纳米粒子,实现制备含金属纳米颗粒的抗菌纸。具体的,本论文从以下几个方面开展了研究:1、首先制取不同浓度的GO胶体,采用滴涂法,在基底上滴涂GO胶体,置于真空环境下干燥成膜,制得GOP;2、具有不同粗糙度的rGOP的合成与抗菌活性表征。针对上述的氧化石墨烯材料及成膜方法,采用不同成膜基底,改变成膜基底表面的粗糙度,通过阶梯热还原法获得不同表面形貌的rGOP;3、采用GO胶体,与银纳米粒子、短切碳纤维复合,GO负载银纳米粒子的同时,作为银纳米粒子的水相胶体分散剂。采用上述方法制备出了具有高力学强度的石墨烯纸。配合紫外吸收光谱吸光度的表征,半定量比较不同硝酸银用量时,银纳米粒子在GO纳米片的负载量;并研究不同碳纤维掺加量对银纳米粒子尺寸和复合纸强度、疏水性、电阻值及抗菌活性的影响规律。以GO胶体溶液为基体,实现了Ag纳米粒子、碳纤维的有效复合,获得了一种柔性、高强度的石墨烯基抗菌纸,易加工,制备工艺简单;探讨了L-CMG组装的石墨烯纸的抗菌活性,为进一步揭示材料的抗菌机理、规模化制备及拓宽材料的应用范围奠定了坚实的基础。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the antibacterial activity of graphene materials (monolayer/oligolayer graphene, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide) has attracted wide attention of researchers at home and abroad. Graphene materials not only as a potential antibacterial agent, but also as a tissue engineering scaffold coating material, graphene with antibacterial activity exists. Low-dimensional chemically modified graphene (L-CMG) sheets have unique structural, physicochemical and biological properties, and are easy to compound into complexes. They exist in the form of powders (coatings), self-supporting papers/membranes and three-dimensional porous structures. Especially when L-CMG is used as a module to construct three-dimensional macroscopic materials, they can be manipulated simultaneously. Silver nanoparticles are traditional antimicrobial agents. Composite of L-CMG and silver, graphene materials provide a flexible substrate for silver nanoparticles, and ensure the uniform dispersion of Ag in the liquid phase. It is helpful to improve the distribution and utilization of Ag nanoparticles and increase the size of nanoparticles. Carbon fiber, as a toughening fiber commonly used in composite materials, has the advantages of high strength, high modulus, low density, corrosion resistance, conductivity, heat transfer, light weight and good biocompatibility. It has been used in aviation, aerospace, nuclear industry and so on. Carbon fiber composite functional paper (CFRP) has been widely used in many fields, such as electrode materials and other material chemistry. Using improved Hummers method, combined with drip coating and step heat treatment, we have prepared graphene oxide paper (GOP) and reduced graphene oxide paper (rGOP) by using L-CMG as modules. The material has flexibility, conductivity, antibacterial and lactation properties. However, due to the thermal reduction at a lower temperature, the crystallinity of graphene paper materials is lower, even if the lamellae are arranged neatly, the tensile strength is still lower. Therefore, this paper proposes to use short-cut fibers as reinforcement phase to improve the strength of graphene paper on the premise of maintaining the advantages of the original preparation method. In addition, we will study the composite Ag nanoparticles, the purpose is to verify the antibacterial activity of the prepared graphene paper on the one hand, on the other hand, as a carrier, through carrying Ag nanoparticles, to prepare antibacterial paper containing metal nanoparticles. GOP was prepared by dropping GO colloid on the substrate and drying in vacuum to form films. 2. synthesis and characterization of antibacterial activity of rGOP with different roughness. In view of the above graphene oxide materials and film-forming methods, different film-forming substrates were used to change the surface roughness of the film-forming substrates, and different surfaces were obtained by step thermal reduction method. Surface morphology of rGOP; 3, GO colloid, silver nanoparticles, chopped carbon fiber composite, GO loaded silver nanoparticles at the same time, as silver nanoparticles aqueous colloid dispersant. The above method was used to prepare graphene paper with high mechanical strength. The effect of different carbon fiber content on the size of silver nanoparticles and the strength, hydrophobicity, resistance and antibacterial activity of composite paper were studied. The antibacterial activity of L-CMG-assembled graphene paper was discussed, which laid a solid foundation for further revealing the antibacterial mechanism, large-scale preparation and widening the application range of the material.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TS761

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