二乙基次磷酸铝阻燃体系对玻纤增强阻燃共聚尼龙66的性能研究

发布时间：2018-09-05 10:36

【摘要】：玻纤增强尼龙66复合材料具有优异的力学性能、化学稳定性及电性能,广泛应用于交通、电子电器、建筑等行业。随着应用领域的扩展以及对材料阻燃要求的不断提高,对玻纤增强尼龙进行阻燃研究显得尤为重要。但是,玻纤增强尼龙材料燃烧时玻纤容易产生“烛芯效应”,加快了燃烧进程。传统卤素阻燃剂对玻纤增强尼龙具有良好的阻燃效果,但卤素阻燃剂容易产生有毒有害气体,严重影响到人们的生产生活。因此利用无卤阻燃剂阻燃玻纤增强尼龙逐渐成为研究的热点。本论文采用双螺杆挤出机,将玻纤(GF)、二乙基次磷酸铝(ADP)、三聚氰胺(ME)、玻纤分散润滑剂(TAF)、抗氧剂等添加到阻燃共聚尼龙66(FR-PA66)中制备不同阻燃体系的阻燃玻纤增强尼龙66复合材料。主要研究内容:研究玻纤含量对阻燃共聚尼龙66的阻燃性能的影响,通过添加不同含量的单组份阻燃剂ADP和相同含量不同配比的双组份阻燃剂ADP"ME,研究对玻纤增强阻燃共聚尼龙66复合材料的阻燃性能的影响,同时,针对不同含量单组分阻燃剂ADP及相同含量不同配比双组份阻燃剂ADP"ME,研究其对复合材料力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:(1)玻纤含量增加对FR-PA66的降解过程无影响,但可降低材料的分解速率,提高稳定性能,增加残炭率;且随着玻纤含量的增加,材料的氧指数和垂直燃烧等级均下降。残炭形貌分析,添加玻纤后的残炭疏松易脱落、表面致密度不够,难以起到隔热隔氧的阻燃效果。(2)单组份阻燃剂ADP添加量为16%时,阻然效果较好,双组份阻燃剂ADP"ME配比为60:40时,阻燃效果最好。对比未添加阻燃剂、16%ADP及16%配比为60:40的ADP"ME的复合材料的热稳定性及残炭形貌可知,虽然ADP"ME配比为60:40的热稳定性较差,但其能够形成较为致密膨胀炭层,提高了阻燃性能。(3)单组份阻燃剂ADP降低了材料的拉伸和冲击强度,对材料的弯曲强度呈现先增加后下降的趋势;相同含量的双组份阻燃剂ADP"ME提高了材料的拉伸性能,材料的弯曲和冲击性能呈现先增加后减小的趋势。
[Abstract]:Glass fiber reinforced nylon 66 composites have excellent mechanical properties, chemical stability and electrical properties. With the expansion of application field and the increasing requirement of flame retardant materials, it is very important to study the flame retardancy of glass fiber reinforced nylon. However, when glass fiber reinforced nylon is burned, glass fiber is easy to produce "candle core effect", which accelerates the combustion process. Traditional halogen flame retardants have a good flame retardant effect on glass fiber reinforced nylon, but halogen flame retardants are easy to produce toxic and harmful gases, which seriously affect people's production and life. Therefore, the use of halogen-free flame retardant glass fiber reinforced nylon has gradually become a hot spot. The flame retardant glass fiber reinforced nylon 66 composites with different flame retardant systems were prepared by adding glass fiber (GF), diethylaluminophosphate (ADP), melamine (ME), glass fiber dispersion lubricant (TAF), antioxidant to flame retardant nylon 66 (FR-PA66) in a twin-screw extruder. Main contents: the effect of glass fiber content on flame retardancy of flame retardant copolymerization nylon 66 was studied. The effects of ADP and ADP "ME, on the flame retardancy of glass fiber reinforced flame retardant nylon 66 composites were studied. The effects of ADP and ADP "ME, on the mechanical properties of composites were studied. The results show that: (1) the increase of glass fiber content has no effect on the degradation of FR-PA66, but it can reduce the decomposition rate of the material, improve the stability and increase the carbon residue rate, and the oxygen index and vertical combustion grade of the material decrease with the increase of glass fiber content. The morphology analysis of residual carbon shows that the residual carbon with glass fiber is loose and falling off easily, the surface density is not enough, so it is difficult to play the flame retardant effect of heat insulation and oxygen insulation. (2) when the amount of one-component flame retardant ADP is 16%, the inhibition effect is better, and the ratio of two-component flame retardant ADP "ME is 60:40," The flame retardant effect is the best. Compared with the composites without flame retardant, the thermal stability and residual carbon morphology of the composites with 16P and 16% ADP "ME were 60:40. It was found that the thermal stability of the composites with ADP" ME ratio of 60:40 was poor, but it could form a dense intumescent carbon layer. (3) One-component flame retardant ADP decreased the tensile and impact strength of the materials, and the bending strength of the materials increased first and then decreased, and the tensile properties of the materials were improved by the same content of two-component flame retardant ADP "ME. The bending and impact properties of the materials increased first and then decreased.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ327.1

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