头羟基型双子表面活性剂的合成及性能研究

发布时间：2018-10-05 17:29

【摘要】：目前的三元复合驱在驱油过程中由于大量碱的存在,会产生诸多不利问题,因此研究在无碱的条件下,高效的表面活性剂显得尤为重要,而双子表面活性剂可以克服这些苛刻复杂的条件,因此对新型双子表面活性剂的合成以及性能研究就显得尤为重要。本文以二乙醇胺为原料经中间体N,N□-二羟乙基叔胺HAn合成了 N,N□-丁撑双羟乙基烷基溴化铵系列DHMABn,使用IR、1HNMR表征了它们的分子结构,初步的研究了表/界面活性、泡沫性能、乳化性能、润湿性能,选用了玉门原油和矿化水开展了物理模拟驱替实验,测定了DHMABn表面活性剂的驱油效率。主要取得以下进展:1、以二乙醇胺、长链溴代烷、1,4-二溴丁烷为反应原材料,制备了DHMABn系列表面活性剂,用单因素法和正交实验法优化了它们的反应条件,并采用IR、1HNMR表征了HAn和DHMAB 的分子结构;2、DHMAB12、DHMAB14、DHMAB16 的临界胶束浓度分别为 0.5mmol/L、0.069mmol/L、和 0.032mmol/L;该浓度下的表面张力分别为 30.9mN/m、27.4 mN/m、和26.8 mN/m。对合成的这三个产物来说,DHMABn的cmc和γcmc均随着疏水链长的增长而降低。3、在一定盐浓度范围内,DHMABn的表面活性会随着无机盐的加入而有所增强,并且CaCl2比NaCl作用效果更加明显。4、考察了DHMABn的泡沫性能、乳化性能及润湿性能。5、考察了DHMABn降低油水界面张力的能力,结果表明DHMAB12可使玉门原油的油水界面张力降低至10-4mN/m的低界面张力;在固定水砂比15:1时,DHMAB12的静态饱和吸附量为2.9 mg/g。6、选用表面活性剂DHMAB12、AES(十二烷基醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠)进行岩心驱替模拟实验,结果表明DHMAB12提高采收率17.89%,比AES提高采收率增幅5.13%。
[Abstract]:Due to the existence of a large amount of alkali in the current ASP flooding process, there will be many unfavorable problems, so it is very important to study the efficient surfactants in the absence of alkali-free conditions. Gemini surfactants can overcome these harsh and complex conditions, so it is very important to study the synthesis and properties of new Gemini surfactants. In this paper, using diethanolamine as the raw material, NN- dihydroxyethyl tertiary amine HAn was used to synthesize NN- butadihydroxyethyl ammonium bromide series DHMABn, to characterize their molecular structure by IR,1HNMR. The surface / interface activity and foam properties were preliminarily studied. The emulsifying property and wettability were tested by physical simulation of Yumen crude oil and mineralized water, and the oil displacement efficiency of DHMABn surfactants was measured. DHMABn series surfactants were prepared by using diethanolamine and long chain bromohexane 4- dibromobutane as raw materials. The reaction conditions of these surfactants were optimized by single factor method and orthogonal experiment. The molecular structures of HAn and DHMAB were characterized by IR,1HNMR. The critical micelle concentrations of HAn and DHMAB were 0.5 mmol / L, 0.069 mmol / L and 0.032 mmol / L, respectively. The surface tension at this concentration was 30.9 mn / m27.4 mN/m, and 26.8 mN/m., respectively. For these three products, the cmc and 纬 cmc of DHMABn decreased with the increase of hydrophobic chain length, and the surface activity of DHMABn increased with the addition of inorganic salts in a certain range of salt concentration. The effect of CaCl2 was more obvious than that of NaCl. The foam properties, emulsifying properties and wettability of DHMABn were investigated. The ability of DHMABn to reduce the interfacial tension of oil and water was also investigated. The results show that DHMAB12 can reduce the oil-water interfacial tension of Yumen crude oil to the low interfacial tension of 10-4mN/m. At 15:1 of fixed water-sand ratio, the static saturated adsorption capacity of DHMAB12 is 2.9 mg/g.6, the surfactant DHMAB12,AES (sodium dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate) is selected for core displacement simulation experiment. The results show that DHMAB12 increases oil recovery by 17.89 and increases oil recovery by 5.13 compared with AES.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ423;TE357.46

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