太阳能光电解水阴极材料的可控制备及其机理研究
发布时间：2018-11-10 13:55
【摘要】：在能源危机日益严重的当今社会,太阳能作为清洁的可持续能源而备受关注。目前太阳能电池是利用太阳能最广泛的方式之一,但是由于所产生的电能难以储存,将太阳能直接转化成可储存的化学能日益成为更受关注的替代方案,而利用太阳光和电的联合作用分解水制氢制氧就是方法之一。为了提高太阳能转化效率,我们迫切需要高吸收系数、高载体迁移率及可调禁带宽度的光阴极材料。基于此,本文通过不同的合成方法和改性技术,合成可通过可见光电分解水制氢的,高吸收系数、高载体迁移率及可调禁带宽度的光阴极材料。并对其光分解水制氢性能及微观结构进行研究分析。本文进行了以下三方面的研究。一、利用溶液法成功制备高质量、规整形貌的黄铜矿(CuIn_xGa_(1-x)S_2)晶体。基于实验结果和分析,对黄铜矿晶体在中性pH值环境下的结构和形貌等进行了表征研究。二、CdS/CuIn_xGa_(1-x)S_2表面负载能带匹配的S掺杂C_3N_4(C_3N_(4-x)S_(3x/2))使得光电化学分解水过程中,电荷传输和光捕获能力大大提高。C_3N_(4-x)S_(3x/2)/CdS/CIGS电极在光谱范围400—700nm时光电转换效率超过40%,相比CIGS提高了近四倍。同时在恒定电流密度测试下的产氢法拉第效应可达到96%。C_3N_(4-x)S_(3x/2)也作为保护层阻隔了电解质溶液与本体材料的接触,C_3N_(4-x)S_(3x/2)/CdS/CIGS电极在稳定性测试超过20h后表现=5%的衰减,超过了以往文献报道的CdS/CIGS光电阴极的稳定性。文章中探究了C_3N_(4-x)S_(3x/2)/CdS/CIGS的构效关系,并为如何进一步设计用于太阳能燃料设备,探索高效的光电阳极和光电阴极材料提供思路。三、通过电沉积方法得到的Au/Pd/CIGS电极在未负载催化剂的条件下,在中性测试溶液中的光电流达到-4mA/cm2(-0.3V电压下相对于可逆氢电极),是裸露的CIGS电极相同测试条件下的近三倍。
[Abstract]:Solar energy, as a clean and sustainable energy, has attracted more and more attention in the society where the energy crisis is becoming more and more serious. Solar cells are currently one of the most widely used forms of solar energy, but because the electricity generated is difficult to store, converting solar energy directly into stored chemical energy is increasingly becoming a more focused alternative. One of the methods is to decompose water to produce hydrogen and oxygen by the combined action of solar light and electricity. In order to improve the conversion efficiency of solar energy, we urgently need photocathode materials with high absorption coefficient, high carrier mobility and adjustable bandgap. Based on this, the photocathode materials with high absorption coefficient, high carrier mobility and adjustable band gap can be synthesized by different synthesis methods and modification techniques. The properties and microstructure of photodissociation of water for hydrogen production were studied and analyzed. This article has carried on the following three aspects research. Firstly, CuIn_xGa_ (1-x) S _ 2 crystals with high quality and regular morphology were successfully prepared by solution method. Based on the experimental results and analysis, the structure and morphology of chalcopyrite crystals at neutral pH values were investigated. Second, CdS/CuIn_xGa_ (1-x) S _ 2 surface load band matching S-doped C_3N_4 (C _ 3N _ (4-x) S _ (3x/2) causes photochemical decomposition of water, The C _ 3N _ (4-x) S _ (3x/2) / CdS/CIGS electrode is more than 40 times more efficient than the CIGS electrode in the spectrum range 400-700nm, which is nearly four times higher than that of the CIGS. At the same time, the Faraday effect of hydrogen production under constant current density test can reach 96.C3N4-x S3x/2, which also acts as a protective layer to block the contact between electrolyte solution and bulk material. The C _ 3N _ (4-x) S _ (3x/2) / CdS/CIGS electrode exhibits a attenuation of 5% after the stability test for more than 20 hours, which is higher than the stability of the CdS/CIGS photocathode reported in previous literature. In this paper, the structure-activity relationship of C _ 3N _ (4-x) S _ (3x/2) / CdS/CIGS is explored, and some ideas are provided for the further design of solar fuel equipment and the exploration of efficient photoanode and photocathode materials. Third, the photocurrent of the Au/Pd/CIGS electrode obtained by electrodeposition under the condition of unsupported catalyst is-4mA/cm2 (-0.3V voltage relative to the reversible hydrogen electrode) in neutral test solution. Nearly three times as much as the bare CIGS electrode under the same test conditions.
【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O643.36;O646.54
本文编号：2322648
[Abstract]:Solar energy, as a clean and sustainable energy, has attracted more and more attention in the society where the energy crisis is becoming more and more serious. Solar cells are currently one of the most widely used forms of solar energy, but because the electricity generated is difficult to store, converting solar energy directly into stored chemical energy is increasingly becoming a more focused alternative. One of the methods is to decompose water to produce hydrogen and oxygen by the combined action of solar light and electricity. In order to improve the conversion efficiency of solar energy, we urgently need photocathode materials with high absorption coefficient, high carrier mobility and adjustable bandgap. Based on this, the photocathode materials with high absorption coefficient, high carrier mobility and adjustable band gap can be synthesized by different synthesis methods and modification techniques. The properties and microstructure of photodissociation of water for hydrogen production were studied and analyzed. This article has carried on the following three aspects research. Firstly, CuIn_xGa_ (1-x) S _ 2 crystals with high quality and regular morphology were successfully prepared by solution method. Based on the experimental results and analysis, the structure and morphology of chalcopyrite crystals at neutral pH values were investigated. Second, CdS/CuIn_xGa_ (1-x) S _ 2 surface load band matching S-doped C_3N_4 (C _ 3N _ (4-x) S _ (3x/2) causes photochemical decomposition of water, The C _ 3N _ (4-x) S _ (3x/2) / CdS/CIGS electrode is more than 40 times more efficient than the CIGS electrode in the spectrum range 400-700nm, which is nearly four times higher than that of the CIGS. At the same time, the Faraday effect of hydrogen production under constant current density test can reach 96.C3N4-x S3x/2, which also acts as a protective layer to block the contact between electrolyte solution and bulk material. The C _ 3N _ (4-x) S _ (3x/2) / CdS/CIGS electrode exhibits a attenuation of 5% after the stability test for more than 20 hours, which is higher than the stability of the CdS/CIGS photocathode reported in previous literature. In this paper, the structure-activity relationship of C _ 3N _ (4-x) S _ (3x/2) / CdS/CIGS is explored, and some ideas are provided for the further design of solar fuel equipment and the exploration of efficient photoanode and photocathode materials. Third, the photocurrent of the Au/Pd/CIGS electrode obtained by electrodeposition under the condition of unsupported catalyst is-4mA/cm2 (-0.3V voltage relative to the reversible hydrogen electrode) in neutral test solution. Nearly three times as much as the bare CIGS electrode under the same test conditions.
【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O643.36;O646.54
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 陈刚;高尚鹏;;Structure and electronic structure of S-doped graphitic C_3N_4 investigated by density functional theory[J];Chinese Physics B;2012年10期
，本文编号：2322648
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