便携有机磷农药残留检测仪的设计与研究

发布时间：2018-11-10 11:42

【摘要】：当今社会,食品安全问题受到广泛的关注,而农药残留问题是影响食品安全的一个重要因素,对人类健康和自然环境造成严重的影响。在各种农药残留检测技术中,经典技术如实验室用的大型气相、液相色谱仪,虽然检测精度高,但操作复杂,成本高昂,且难以实现现场快速检测;而现有的快速检测产品往往存在精度不高、配件众多、操作繁琐等问题。因此,发展快速、灵敏、便携的有机磷农药检测设备十分迫切。近年来,电化学生物传感技术因其快速、灵敏、特异性强且具有微型化集成化的潜力而成为了生化检测领域的重要发展方向。本论文以常用的有机磷农药为目标物,设计和研究了便携式有机磷农药检测仪以及快速检测酶生物传感器。针对当前农药残留快速检测的需求,论文首先提出了便携有机磷农药残留检测的整体设计方案,包含酶生物传感器、便携式检测仪的硬件与软件的设计与调试,最终实现了对有机磷农药的高灵敏特异性检测。在酶生物传感器的设计及制作中,论文讨论了丝印电极的制作、微通道的制作以及酶的固定;在硬件方面,本文依次讨论了处理器控制电路、恒电位电路、微弱电流检测电路、电压扫描电路、采样电路、滤波电路的设计;在软件方面,本文介绍了微处理器程序和安卓端App的设计开发。最后利用精密电流源对设计的检测仪进行了恒电位精度检测和电流精度检测,并对有机磷农药检测仪的使用效果进行了验证。结果表明恒电位电路可以控制电位的稳定,误差小于0.1 mV,电压输出范围在-2.5 V到2.5 V之间。微电流检测电路电流测量下限达到0.1 μA,酶生物传感器对有机磷农药的检测范围在1 ng/mL-1000 ng/mL之间,检测限达到有1 ng/mL。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, food safety has been paid more and more attention, and pesticide residue is an important factor affecting food safety, which has a serious impact on human health and natural environment. Among all kinds of pesticide residue detection techniques, classical techniques, such as large scale gas and liquid chromatography used in laboratory, have high precision, complex operation, high cost, and are difficult to realize rapid detection in the field. The existing rapid detection products often have problems such as low precision, numerous accessories, cumbersome operation and so on. Therefore, the development of rapid, sensitive, portable organophosphorus pesticide detection equipment is very urgent. In recent years, electrochemical biosensor technology has become an important development direction in the field of biochemical detection because of its rapid, sensitive, specific and miniaturization potential. In this paper, a portable organophosphorus pesticide detector and a rapid enzyme biosensor were designed and studied. In order to meet the need of rapid detection of pesticide residues, the whole design scheme of portable organophosphorus pesticide residue detection is proposed, including the design and debugging of the hardware and software of enzyme biosensor and portable detector. Finally, the high sensitive and specific detection of organophosphorus pesticides was realized. In the design and manufacture of enzyme biosensor, the fabrication of screen printing electrode, the fabrication of microchannel and the fixation of enzyme are discussed in this paper. In the aspect of hardware, the design of processor control circuit, constant potential circuit, weak current detection circuit, voltage scanning circuit, sampling circuit and filter circuit are discussed in turn. In the aspect of software, this paper introduces the design and development of microprocessor program and Android App. At last, the potentiostatic precision and current precision of the designed instrument are tested by using the precision current source, and the application effect of the organophosphorus pesticide detector is verified. The results show that the constant potential circuit can control the stability of the potential and the output error is less than 0. 1 mV, in the range of-2. 5 V to 2. 5 V. The detection limit of microcurrent detection circuit is 0. 1 渭 A, the detection range of enzyme biosensor for organophosphorus pesticide is between 1 ng/mL-1000 ng/mL and the detection limit is 1 ng/mL..
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TS207.53

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