基于PSR模型的浙江海洋生态安全评价研究

发布时间：2018-12-08 13:20

【摘要】：海洋生态安全是浙江生态安全的重要一环,想要精确地掌控海洋开发的程度,需要客观地评估当前的海洋生态状况。本文在众多学者的研究基础上,阐述了海洋生态安全的内涵和特性,在遵循指标选择原则和比较评价模型的优劣之后,构建了基于PSR模型的指标体系,并且通过层次分析法,对近年的浙江海洋生态安全大体状态进行了综合评价。结果表明,浙江海洋生态安全综合指数总体上在波动中上升,偶尔有所下降,浙江海洋生态安全当前处于一般状况。结合浙江海洋生态安全影响机制的分析,生态安全调控措施主要是三个方面,分别是减弱生态安全压力、修复生态功能和加强响应效率。减弱生态安全的压力,开发海洋资源时要有节制地进行,在看待经济发展、社会进步和生态安全三者之间关系时,要从一种长远的角度来进行。为了实现生态安全这个目的,首先就要从思想上重视环境污染,不仅对已经发生的现象进行治理,还要严格地控制污染源,把污染制止在源头;同时对浙江海洋进行生态修复,使海洋公园和自然保护区的作用完全发挥出来;完善生态补偿机制,可以最大程度地应对资金短缺问题和滥用海洋资源的问题;增加生态响应效率主要是通过完善管理体制建设,加大执法力度,提高公众的生态意识。
[Abstract]:Marine ecological security is an important part of ecological security in Zhejiang Province. In order to accurately control the extent of marine development, it is necessary to objectively evaluate the current marine ecological situation. Based on the research of many scholars, this paper expounds the connotation and characteristics of marine ecological security. After following the principle of index selection and the advantages and disadvantages of comparative evaluation model, the index system based on PSR model is constructed, and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is adopted. The general state of marine ecological security in Zhejiang Province in recent years is comprehensively evaluated. The results show that the comprehensive index of Zhejiang marine ecological security is rising in general and decreasing occasionally, and the marine ecological security of Zhejiang is in a general situation at present. Based on the analysis of the impact mechanism of marine ecological security in Zhejiang Province, the main measures of ecological security regulation and control are as follows: reducing the pressure of ecological security, repairing ecological function and strengthening the response efficiency. In order to reduce the pressure of ecological security, we should carry out the exploitation of marine resources with restraint. When we look at the relationship among economic development, social progress and ecological security, we should proceed from a long-term perspective. In order to realize the purpose of ecological security, we should pay attention to the environmental pollution from the ideological point of view, not only to control the existing phenomena, but also to strictly control the pollution sources and stop the pollution at the source. At the same time, the ecological restoration of Zhejiang ocean can bring into full play the role of ocean park and nature reserve, improve the ecological compensation mechanism, can deal with the shortage of funds and the abuse of marine resources to the greatest extent. To increase the efficiency of ecological response is mainly to improve the ecological consciousness of the public by improving the construction of management system, strengthening the enforcement of law and enhancing the public's ecological consciousness.
【学位授予单位】：浙江海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X826

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