SEBS基弹性木塑复合材料的研究

发布时间：2019-03-08 20:13

【摘要】：近年来,将天然植物纤维或木质填料与高分子材料复合,制备具有特定性能的环保型复合材料,日益引起人们的重视。目前,国内对木质填料填充橡胶、聚氨酯等弹性类复合材料的研究相对较多,然而用木质填料填充热塑性弹性体的文章显有报道。热塑性弹性体材料不仅具有优良的物理化学性能,并且不需再像橡胶那样经过热硫化,可用来制备环保安全型材料。因此,用木质填料填充热塑性弹性体的研究显得很有必要。本论文分别选用松木粉、竹粉、纤维素三种木质填料填充氢化苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS),使用兼有相容性的无规聚丙烯蜡(APPW)、马来酸酐接枝无规聚丙烯蜡(MAPPW)、脂肪蜡A三种润滑剂改善复合材料的加工流动性。研究了木质填料的含量及种类、润滑剂的含量及种类对SEBS基弹性木塑复合材料(下文中简称为复合材料)的拉伸强度、100%定伸应力、300%定伸应力、断裂伸长率以及撕裂强度的影响,并通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察木质填料含量对复合材料拉伸断面形貌的影响。实验结果表明:固定SEBS和脂肪蜡A的含量,发现松木粉、竹粉、纤维素的加入对复合材料性能的影响规律基本一致,随着木质填料添加量的增加,材料的拉伸性能、撕裂强度均呈现先上升后下降的趋势。当这些木质填料添加量为25份时,复合材料的综合性能最好,而填充效果从好到差依次为:纤维素松木粉竹粉。木质填料的形态以及种类都会对填充效果产生影响。通过SEM图片的分析,发现木质填料含量增加,木质填料的分散效果变差,SEBS与木质填料的界面作用变差。固定SEBS与木质填料的含量,发现脂肪蜡A、APPW、MAPPW加入后复合材料的拉伸强度、定伸强度、撕裂强度降低,并且随添加量增加,下降幅度越大,而断裂伸长率在一定添加范围得到提高。润滑剂的加入显现不出相容效果,只体现润滑、增塑作用。三种润滑剂添加量均为4份时,对复合材料作用效果从好到差依次为:MAPPWAPPW脂肪蜡A。实验发现SEBS与木质填料的相容性很好,界面结合强度大,非常适于制备弹性木塑复合材料。在木塑复合材料的加工过程中,木质填料会发生动态热化学变化,对复合材料性能产生影响,因此不能将木质填料像普通无机填料一样对待。
[Abstract]:In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the preparation of environmental-friendly composites with special properties by compounding natural plant fibers or wood fillers with polymer materials. At present there are more researches on elastic composites such as rubber and polyurethane filled with wood fillers. However the paper on filling thermoplastic elastomers with wood fillers has been reported. Thermoplastic elastomers not only have excellent physical and chemical properties, but also can be used to prepare environmentally friendly and safe materials without having to undergo thermal vulcanization as rubber. Therefore, it is necessary to fill thermoplastic elastomers with wood fillers. In this paper, three kinds of wood fillers, pine powder, bamboo powder and cellulose, were used to fill the block copolymer (SEBS), of hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene with both compatible random polypropylene wax (APPW),. Maleic anhydride grafting random polypropylene wax (MAPPW), fat wax A three kinds of lubricants improve the processing fluidity of composites. The tensile strength, 100% constant tensile stress and 300% constant tensile stress of SEBS-based elastic wood-plastic composites (hereinafter referred to as composites) were studied with the contents and types of wood fillers and lubricants. The effects of elongation at break and tear strength on tensile cross-section morphology of composites were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the effects of pine wood powder, bamboo powder and cellulose on the properties of composites were basically the same when the contents of SEBS and fat wax A were fixed, and the tensile properties of the composites were increased with the increase of the amount of wood fillers. Tear strength increased first and then decreased. When the addition of these wood fillers is 25 phr, the comprehensive properties of the composites are the best, and the filling effect is in the order of cellulose pine wood flour bamboo powder from good to bad. The shape and species of wood fillers have an impact on the filling effect. Through the analysis of SEM images, it was found that the content of wood fillers increased, the dispersion effect of wood fillers became worse, and the interfacial interaction between SEBS and wood fillers became worse. Fixed the content of SEBS and wood fillers, it was found that the tensile strength, constant tensile strength and tear strength of the composites were decreased with the addition of fat wax A, APPW and MAPPW, and the decreasing extent was greater with the increase of the content of fat wax A, APPW and MAPPW. The elongation at break was increased in a certain range of addition. The addition of lubricant does not show compatible effect, only reflects lubrication, plasticizing effect. When the content of the three lubricants was 4 phr, the effect on the composites was as follows: MAPPWAPPW fat wax A. It is found that the compatibility of SEBS and wood filler is very good and the interfacial bonding strength is high, so it is very suitable for the preparation of elastic wood-plastic composites. In the process of processing wood-plastic composites, wood fillers will take place dynamic thermochemical changes, which will affect the properties of composites. Therefore, wood fillers can not be treated like ordinary inorganic fillers.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB332

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