矿物负载型铁基纳米环境材料的制备及吸附降解机理研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 00:25

  本文关键词：矿物负载型铁基纳米环境材料的制备及吸附降解机理研究　出处：《中国科学技术大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 蒙脱石 高岭石 纳米零价铁 纳米铁氧化物 吸附 光催化

【摘要】：作为环境水体中非常重要的两类污染物,重金属和有机污染物的吸附和降解技术已引起人们的关注。纳米零价铁和纳米铁氧化物在环境修复领域有广泛的应用,但其修复效果取决于材料性能的好坏。本论文利用矿物载体作为稳定剂,制备得到蒙脱石基和高岭石基矿物负载型纳米零价铁、蒙脱石负载型纳米铁氧化物、石墨烯改进型蒙脱石负载型纳米铁氧化物复合材料。对其进行了水中重金属的吸附试验和有机污染物光催化降解试验。主要取得如下结果:(1)通过粉煤灰淋滤实验和迁移模拟实验,揭示了粉煤灰堆周边渗流场中元素的迁移规律,分析地下水中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Ni、Zn污染产生的原因和影响因素,并划分重点监测元素Al,As,B,Ba,Cd,Co,Cr,Cu,Fe,Mg,Mn,V,Pb,Sb,Ni和Zn类型。(2)以蒙脱石、高岭石为负载基质,采用硼氢化钠化学液相还原法制备出一系列矿物负载型纳米零价铁,有效解决纳米零价铁的团聚问题,减缓纳米零价铁的氧化。通过不同的表征手段,揭示了材料的物理化学特征,探讨了材料质量与制备条件的相关性,研究了材料的吸附效果和再生性,阐明了材料的吸附机理。(3)利用硼氢化钠化学液相还原联合水热法的方式设计合成了蒙脱石/石墨烯负载型铁氧化物纳米复合材料。揭示了对可见光有反应的便宜无毒的铁氧化物纳米光催化剂、磁力活性成分、蒙脱石负载的具有防团聚性能的纳米结构和石墨烯增强的空穴电子对分离效率的协同作用机理。(4)研究了矿物负载型纳米零价铁对水中重金属离子Cu(Ⅱ),Ni(Ⅱ),Zn(Ⅱ),Pb(Ⅱ)的去除效果、过程和机制;探究了矿物负载型纳米铁氧化物对水中有机物质的光催化效果、过程和机制,建立了复杂水质条件下铁基纳米材料环境应用的概念体系。
[Abstract]:As the two important pollutants in environmental water, adsorption and degradation technology of heavy metals and organic pollutants has aroused people's concern. Nano zero valent iron and iron oxide nanoparticles have been widely used in the field of environmental repair, but the repair effect depends on the material properties of good or bad. This thesis use mineral carrier as stabilizer system prepared by montmorillonite and kaolinite based mineral supported nano zero valent iron, montmorillonite supported nano iron oxide, graphene modified montmorillonite supported nano iron oxide composite material. The adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water on the test of heavy metals. The main results are as follows: (1) by Powder Ash Leaching Experiment and migration experiments, reveals the migration regularity of fly ash pile seepage field around the elements in the analysis of underground water, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, Zn pollution causes Because of factors and influence, and the division of key monitoring elements Al, As, B, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, V, Pb, Sb, Ni and Zn types. (2) on montmorillonite, kaolinite as the load matrix, using sodium borohydride was prepared by a chemical liquid mineral series supported nano zero valent iron reduction, effectively solve the problem of agglomeration of nano zero valent iron, slow oxidation of nano zero valent iron. Characterized by different means, reveals the physical and chemical characteristics of materials, discusses the relationship between the quality of material and the preparation conditions for the study of material adsorption and regeneration effect and clarify the adsorption mechanism of the material. (3) combined with hydrothermal method using sodium borohydride chemical liquid phase reduction mode design and synthesis of montmorillonite / graphene supported iron oxide nano composite materials. Revealed that respond to visible light cheap non-toxic iron oxide nano magnetic photocatalyst supported on montmorillonite with active ingredients There is synergistic effect mechanism of electron hole graphene nanostructures and anti agglomeration performance enhancement of separation efficiency. (4) studied the mineral supported nano zero valent iron on heavy metal ions Cu (II), Ni (II), Zn (II), Pb (II) removal process and mechanism study; minerals supported nano iron oxide photocatalytic effect of organic substances in water, process and mechanism, establish the concept system of water under the condition of complex iron base nano material application in the environment.

【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X703
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本文编号：1411901