粗精耦合轴向磁阻式旋转变压器的电磁原理与特性研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 20:32

本文关键词：粗精耦合轴向磁阻式旋转变压器的电磁原理与特性研究　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：轴向磁阻式旋转变压器是自动装置中的一类精密控制微电机。在电机控制系统中,它主要用于转子角度的数据传输,具有精度高、体积小、转动惯量小、抗干扰、耐高温高湿等特点,可以广泛地应用于国防、航天、汽车等领域中。1对极单通道轴向磁阻式旋转变压器可以输出绝对位置信号,但是无法完成高精度测量,多对极单通道轴向磁阻式旋转变压器可以进行高精度测量,但是无法实现绝对位置信号的输出。为了保证在高精度情况下对电机转子位置信息进行绝对测量,本文以一种粗精耦合轴向磁阻式旋转变压器(Axial Reluctance Resolver,ARR)为研究对象,并对其电磁原理分析、电感计算、电磁场的分析与计算、精机信号绕组输出电势的分析与优化、定转子的偏心与偏移对测量精度的影响等问题进行了研究。本文工作主要包括以下几个部分:提出了一种新型粗精耦合ARR的结构,确定了励磁绕组与信号绕组的绕组型式、定子铁心型式、转子导磁波带结构。采用解析法推导了理想状态下定转子之间的耦合面积,得出了这种磁阻式旋转变压器气隙磁导随转子转角变化的规律,并建立了电压方程与等效电路。得到了两相粗机输出电势符合1倍角正弦函数特性与1倍角余弦函数特性,两相精机输出电势符合P倍角正弦函数特性与P倍角余弦函数特性,证明了粗精耦合ARR设计理念的可行性。针对粗精耦合ARR结构复杂以及电感参数难以计算的特点,采用绕组函数法分别推导了等匝绕组型式与正弦绕组型式下粗精耦合ARR的电感,对两种不同绕组型式下自感与互感的变化规律进行了对比分析,得出了绕组电感与粗精耦合ARR误差之间的关系,为提高此种旋转变压器的测量精度提供了理论基础。并对电感的仿真分析与解析计算进行了相应的实验,验证了电感解析结果、电感仿真结果与电感测量结果基本吻合,证明了这种粗精耦合ARR电感计算方法的可行性与有效性。采用有限元法分析了粗精耦合ARR的电磁场,揭示了各种结构参数对精耦合ARR磁场分布的影响,为提高粗精耦合ARR的电磁性能提供了指导。建立了考虑齿槽效应、磁场分布不均匀等因素下粗精耦合ARR的电压方程,得出了粗精耦合ARR的输出特性以及精机输出电势谐波畸变率的影响因素,并分析了不同的结构参数对精机输出电势谐波畸变率的抑制效果。结果表明,精耦合ARR的结构改进可以使磁场分布更加均匀;对气隙长度、定子齿数、转子精粗比、转子相对相位角等参数进行修正,均能有效地抑制精机输出电势谐波畸变率;在转子形状函数中叠加谐波的方式也可以实现精机输出电势谐波畸变率的抑制。采用有限元法对等匝绕组型式与正弦绕组型式下15对极粗精耦合ARR定子径向偏心、转子径向偏心和转子轴向偏移等装配问题进行了研究,分析了上述问题对该种旋转变压器测量误差的影响。并对一台15对极粗精耦合ARR的样机进行了实验,验证了以上三种装配问题对测量误差的影响,得出了不同偏心情况下输出电势的变化规律,为后续工作中采用测角电路进行补偿提供了参考依据。实验结果表明,当保证转子轴向偏移量在定子齿高的50%以内时,转子的轴向偏移并不会使精机信号绕组输出电势出现额外的误差,只会降低精机输出电势的幅值;定转子径向偏心会导致精机信号绕组输出电势出现额外的函数误差,定子径向偏心还会使精机信号绕组输出电势产生额外的零位误差。
[Abstract]:The axial reluctance rotary transformer is a kind of precision automatic control device in micro motor. The motor control system, it is mainly used for data transmission of the rotor angle, with high precision, small volume, small inertia, anti-interference, high temperature and humidity resistance and other characteristics, can be widely used in national defense, aerospace, automobile etc. in the field of.1 single channel axial reluctance resolver absolute position signal output, but can not complete the high precision measurement of single channel multi axial reluctance resolver for high precision measurement, but it is not the absolute position signal output. In order to ensure high precision in case of motor rotor position information absolute measurement, the rotation in a coarse and fine coupling axial reluctance type transformer (Axial Reluctance Resolver, ARR) as the research object, and the electromagnetic principle analysis, inductance calculation of electromagnetic field The analysis and calculation, analysis and optimization of machine output voltage signal winding, eccentric and offset rotor impact on measurement accuracy is studied. This paper mainly includes the following parts: the structure of a new type of coarse and fine coupling ARR, determine the winding type excitation winding and signal winding that type of stator core, a rotor magnetic conduction band structure. The analytical method is used to deduce the coupling area between the ideal state of the rotor, that this reluctance rotary transformer air gap permeance with rotor angle variation, and establishes the voltage equation and the equivalent circuit. The output voltage of two-phase crude machine with 1 double angle sine function characteristics and 1 times the angle cosine function characteristics, two phase precision machine output voltage with P times P times angle characteristics of sine function and cosine function angle characteristics, that the coarse fine coupling ARR design concept is feasible. According to the characteristics of coarse and fine coupling ARR complex structure and inductance parameters are difficult to calculate, using winding function method were used to derive the inductance winding winding type and sinusoidal winding type coarse fine coupling ARR, variation of self inductance and mutual inductance of two different types of winding are compared and analyzed, obtained the relationship between inductance and winding rough fine coupling error of ARR, provides a theoretical basis for improving the measuring accuracy of the rotating transformer. And simulation analysis and analytical calculation of the inductance of the corresponding experiments were carried out to verify the analytical results of measurement results of inductance, inductance and inductance is consistent with the simulation results, to prove the feasibility of this calculation method for coarse and fine coupling inductance ARR and effective. Analyzed by the finite element method of electromagnetic field coupling of coarse and fine ARR, reveals the various structure parameters on the performance of precision coupling of ARR magnetic field distribution, in order to improve the coarse and fine coupling ARR Provides guidance on electromagnetic performance. Considering the cogging effect, the voltage equation of magnetic field distribution factors such as uneven coarse fine coupling of ARR, the factors affecting the output characteristics of coarse and fine coupling of ARR and precision machine output voltage harmonic distortion, and analyzes the different structure parameters of precision machine output voltage harmonic distortion the rate of inhibition effect. The results show that the improved structure of fine coupling of ARR can make the magnetic field distribution is more uniform; the air gap length, the number of teeth of the stator, the rotor rotor forage to concentrate ratio, relative phase angle and other parameters are modified, can effectively restrain the machine output voltage harmonic distortion; the rotor shape function in harmonic superposition the way can also suppress machine output voltage harmonic distortion rate. Using the finite element method, equivalent turn winding type and sinusoidal winding type 15 of coarse and fine coupling ARR stator radial eccentric rotor, radial and eccentric Rotor axial offset assembly was studied, analyzed the impact of these problems on the rotary transformer measurement error. And on a 15 on very coarse and fine coupled ARR prototype experiments were carried out to verify the above three kinds of assembly problems on the effect of measurement errors, the variation of output voltage under different eccentricity and for the follow-up work in the angle measurement circuit provides a reference basis for compensation. The experimental results show that when the rotor axial offset within that stator tooth height 50%, rotor axial offset does not make the output potential additional error of precision machine signal winding, will only reduce the amplitude of output voltage of the machine; eccentric rotor radial lead precision machine signal winding output voltage error function appears additional, stator radial eccentricity will make the precision machine output signal winding potential generated additional zero error.

【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM383.2

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