越南露天煤矿半连续开采工艺系统适应性分析与优化设计

发布时间：2018-03-20 03:07

本文选题：露天煤矿　切入点：系统参数　出处：《中国矿业大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：为了满足国民经济发展的需要,露天煤矿进行了多年的生产,目前已面临重大挑战,如:资源日益减少,特别是高质量的具有良好开采条件的资源储量越来越少;资源回收,生态环境和自然景观保护的压力越来越大;区域一体化和经济全球化发展使得生产材料的价格不断攀升最终导致生产成本增加,产品的竞争优势大大降低。在这样的背景下,越南露天煤矿行业必须不断改进和创新技术设备,按照开采深度进行投资以提高生产效率增加生产经营效益。本文通过对国内外学者关于间断工艺和半连续工艺的研究结果进行理论和实践研究,提出了符合越南露天煤矿地质、技术、经济、安全条件的新型开采工艺。通过对越南露天煤矿的特点、地形和地质条件、煤层构造等方面的研究,在现有露天矿开采深度、长度、宽度、年生产能力、运输形式等的基础上提出了一种新型的越南深露天煤矿分类。单斗运输的系统参数和经济技术指标都会影响矿山生产综合效益,为了提高开采工艺选择的可靠性,建立了经济数学模型,通过矿山开采系统参数和经济-技术指标,构建目标函数确定最小成本。通过目标函数确定了合理的开采系统参数如:挖掘机工作面长度、符合挖掘机斗容的最佳岩石爆破块度、按照挖掘机斗容和开采系统参数确定的合理卡车载重、集中台阶的数量和位置。通过考虑设备选择时的诸多限制因素,如:地质构造(断层、褶皱...)、煤层的构造与地形的变化(地形的起伏会对矿山道路的设计造成很大的困难)、产量、矿山服务年限、运输距离、开采深度等,提出了设备选择的目标函数并计算生产最低成本。开采工艺的能量消耗和开采成本主要取决于参数和运输设备,以运输高度的单位能量消耗和单位运输成本最少为目的,提出了合理的最小能量消耗总量和开采成本的开采工艺。通过对合理开采工艺的选择,锦普矿区为例,计算表明该方法是符合实际生产的,证明了该方法的有效性,说明其适用于其他类似条件的矿山。目前锦普露天矿开采深度越来越深,采用间断工艺时,开采成本增加,本文提出的大倾角带式输送机半连续工艺符合锦普露天矿的条件。另一方面矿区应用大倾角带式输送机半连续工艺的经济效益显著,一年可节省剥离费用8.46亿元,同时环境污染得到很大改善。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the needs of the development of the national economy, opencast coal mines have been producing for many years. At present, they are faced with major challenges, such as the decreasing of resources, especially the dwindling reserves of high-quality resources with good mining conditions, and the recovery of resources, The pressure of ecological environment and natural landscape protection is increasing; the regional integration and the development of economic globalization make the price of production materials rise continuously, resulting in the increase of production cost, and the competitive advantage of products is greatly reduced. Vietnam's opencast coal industry must constantly improve and innovate technology and equipment, Investment according to mining depth to improve production efficiency and increase production and management benefit. Through theoretical and practical research on discontinuous and semi-continuous technology by domestic and foreign scholars, it is put forward that it is in line with the geology of open pit coal mine in Vietnam. New mining technology of technical, economic and safety conditions. Through the study of the characteristics, topography and geological conditions, coal seam structure and other aspects of Vietnamese opencast coal mines, the mining depth, length, width and annual production capacity of existing open-pit mines are studied. A new type of classification of deep opencast coal mines in Vietnam is proposed on the basis of transportation mode. The system parameters and economic and technical indexes of single bucket transportation will affect the comprehensive benefit of mine production. In order to improve the reliability of mining process selection, The economic mathematical model is established, and the minimum cost is determined by constructing the objective function through the mining system parameters and economy-technical indexes, and the reasonable mining system parameters such as the working face length of the excavator are determined by the objective function. According to the optimum rock blasting block size of excavator bucket capacity, according to the reasonable truck load determined by excavator bucket capacity and mining system parameters, the number and position of steps are concentrated. By considering many limiting factors when equipment is selected, For example: geological structure (fault, fold ...n.), structure of coal seam and change of topography (terrain fluctuation will cause great difficulty to the design of mine road, output, mine service life, transportation distance, mining depth, etc.). The objective function of equipment selection is put forward and the lowest production cost is calculated. The energy consumption and mining cost of mining process mainly depend on the parameters and transportation equipment, with the aim of minimum unit energy consumption and unit transportation cost of transport height. The reasonable minimum energy consumption and mining cost are put forward. Through the selection of reasonable mining technology and the example of Jinpu mining area, the calculation results show that the method is in line with the actual production and proves the effectiveness of the method. It shows that it is suitable for other mines with similar conditions. At present, the mining depth of the open pit mine is getting deeper and deeper, and the mining cost increases when the discontinuous process is adopted. The semi-continuous process proposed in this paper accords with the conditions of Kam Pu open-pit mine. On the other hand, the application of semi-continuous process of large dip belt conveyor in mining area has remarkable economic benefits and can save 846 million yuan of stripping cost per year. At the same time, environmental pollution has been greatly improved.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD824

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