矿区复垦土壤团聚体和有机碳动态变化的作用机制研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 08:39

本文选题：矿区复垦土壤 + 球囊霉素　；参考：《中国矿业大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：有机物添加和菌根技术的联合修复策略是改善退化土壤的一种有效方法,在矿区土壤复垦研究中受到广泛关注。开展矿区复垦土壤的团聚体和有机碳动态变化的作用机制研究,对于系统分析矿区复垦的改良作用机制和固碳作用具有重要的意义。本文采用野外调查数据采集和现场试验相结合的方法,研究活性污泥添加和丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)接种对矿区基质复垦过程中的作用机制;采用路径模型分析复垦过程中土壤团聚体形成及稳定机制的主要影响因子;利用微根窗技术分析植物根系生长动态及固碳对土壤有机碳(SOC)积累的作用机制。论文研究的主要结论如下:(1)污泥添加和AMF接种对矿区复垦基质的作用机制研究结果表明:以煤矸石F、粉煤灰G和污泥S并接种AMF(+)的矿区复垦基质(FGS+)的理化及生物性质显著优于FG、FG+和FGS基质。对比分析矿区复垦基质与煤矸石和粉煤灰充填的矿区复垦土壤及农田土性质结果表明,矿区复垦基质FGS+在经过6年复垦后,SOC、TN、速效P含量显著提高,蔗糖酶、酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶及脱氢酶活性也显著高于其它土壤。以上结果表明污泥添加和AMF接种可全面改善土壤的质量、促进基质土壤化过程,特别是有利于SOC积累。(2)矿区复垦基质团聚体形成过程及稳定评价研究结果表明:矿区复垦基质FG、FG+、FGS和FGS+在复垦的7年间以0.25mm团聚体粒径为主,随复垦时间逐年降低;0.25~0.5mm、0.5~2mm和2mm团聚体粒径比例逐年增加,表明矿区复垦基质的团聚过程为小团聚体逐级形成大的团聚体的过程。矿区复垦基质团聚体稳定性逐年提高。(3)矿区复垦基质团聚体形成主要影响因子研究结果表明:矿区复垦土壤团聚体粒径均与SOC呈显著的一元线性回归关系,表明团聚体与SOC有明显相互作用关系。但只有0.25mm粒径团聚体与SOC、速效K、脲酶和易提取球囊霉素(EEG)有显著的多元线性回归关系,路径分析结果表明土壤微团聚体的形成对SOC积累有重要贡献,而EEG更多的是通过SOC对团聚体形成产生间接作用。(4)矿区复垦土壤中SOC累积的路径分析模型结果表明:0.5~2mm粒径团聚体、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶、EEG、黑麦草地下生物量和黑麦草根中有机碳与矿区复垦土壤中SOC成显著的多元线性回归关系。SOC累积的路径分析结果表明根系生物量和0.5~2mm粒径团聚体对SOC的总作用最大,蔗糖酶对SOC的直接正作用最大,EEG则主要是通过0.5~2mm粒径团聚体和蔗糖酶对SOC产生间接作用。(5)复垦过程中黑麦草生长及对复垦土壤SOC作用关系研究表明:黑麦草根际与非根际基质SOC组分有显著差异性,表明黑麦草生长过程中的根际效应会显著影响SOC变化。黑麦草根长密度、黑麦草根和地上部分有机碳及TG和EEG与基质中SOC关系比较密切,表明植物生长和GRSP均会在一定程度上影响SOC各组分的变化。
[Abstract]:The combined remediation strategy of organic matter addition and mycorrhizal technology is an effective method to improve degraded soil, and has been widely concerned in the study of soil reclamation in mining areas. It is of great significance to study the aggregate and the mechanism of dynamic change of organic carbon in the reclaimed soil of mining area, which is of great significance for the systematic analysis of the mechanism of improvement and carbon sequestration in the reclamation of mining area. In this paper, the mechanism of activated sludge addition and AMFinoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on matrix reclamation in mining area was studied by means of field investigation data collection and field test. Path model was used to analyze the main influencing factors of the formation and stabilization of soil aggregates in the process of reclamation, and the microroot window technique was used to analyze the dynamics of plant root growth and the mechanism of carbon sequestration on the accumulation of soil organic carbon (SOC). The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) the mechanism of sludge addition and AMF inoculation on reclaimed substrates in mining areas is studied. The results show that: the physicochemical and chemical properties of coal gangue, fly ash G and sludge S and inoculated with AMF () are physicochemical and physicochemical properties. The biological properties were significantly better than those of FG FG and FGS substrates. The properties of reclaimed soil and farmland soil filled with coal gangue and fly ash in mining area were compared and analyzed. The results showed that after 6 years of reclamation, the content of available P and sucrose enzyme were significantly increased. The activities of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase and dehydrogenase were also significantly higher than those of other soils. The results showed that sludge addition and AMF inoculation could improve soil quality and promote the process of soil transformation. Especially in favor of SOC accumulation. 2) the formation process and stability evaluation of reclaimed matrix aggregates in mining area showed that the diameter of 0.25mm aggregates was the main factor of FGS and FGS in the seven years of reclamation. With the decrease of reclamation time, the particle size ratio of 0. 25 ~ 0. 5mm ~ 0. 5mm and 2mm agglomerates increased year by year, which indicated that the agglomeration process of reclamation matrix in mining area was a process of small aggregates forming large aggregates step by step. The main factors influencing the formation of reclamation matrix aggregates in mining area were studied. The results showed that the particle size of reclaimed soil aggregate in mining area showed a significant linear regression relationship with SOC. The results show that the aggregate has obvious interaction with SOC. However, only 0.25mm aggregates had a significant linear regression relationship with SOC, available K, urease and easy to extract balloon mycin. Path analysis showed that the formation of soil microaggregates contributed significantly to the accumulation of SOC. The results of path analysis model of SOC accumulation in reclaimed soil of mining area showed that the diameter of aggregates, sucrase, was 0. 5mm. The path analysis of alkaline phosphatase, underground biomass of ryegrass and organic carbon in ryegrass root and SOC accumulation in reclaimed soil of mining area showed that root biomass and 0.5~2mm particle size aggregate had the greatest effect on SOC. The most direct positive effect of sucrose on SOC was mainly through the indirect effect of 0.5~2mm aggregates and sucrose enzymes on SOC during the process of reclamation. The relationship between ryegrass growth and SOC in soil was studied. The results showed that: ryegrass rhizosphere. There were significant differences between SOC components and non-rhizosphere matrix components. The results showed that the rhizosphere effect of ryegrass during the growth of ryegrass significantly affected the change of SOC. The long density of ryegrass roots, organic carbon in ryegrass roots and aboveground parts, TG and EEG were closely related to SOC in the substrate, indicating that plant growth and GRSP could affect the changes of SOC components to some extent.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S153.6;TD88

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