流变性对钻井液离心机内流特性及分离机理影响研究
发布时间：2018-07-25 19:35
【摘要】：作为分离机械,钻井液离心机的工作性能与分离介质的性质息息相关;而由于内部结构复杂,致使离心机一直面临着理论研究落后,生产应用过程缺乏基础理论及定量研究成果指导的问题;工作原理则注定了离心机“大处理量”、“高分离效率”与“低能耗”之间的矛盾。面对以上问题,本文开展了针对不同流变性流体的钻井液离心机流场研究,通过数值模拟和理论研究相结合的方法,分别对牛顿流体和非牛顿流体在离心机中的流动规律和分离机理进行了探讨,分析了不同参数对离心机内流特性的影响规律,提出了钻井液离心机固相颗粒沉降模型,得到了针对不同流变性流体的钻井液离心机分离效率计算方法。并以大处理量、高分离效率和低能耗为目标,对离心机操作参数进行了优化,并分析了各参数对优化结果的影响。主要的研究内容如下:针对钻井液离心机结构特点,建立了考虑布料口形状、螺旋推料器转速差以及多粒径颗粒固液分离的离心机流场数值模拟分析模型,并通过与实验数据的对比验证了该方法的可行性。分析了转速差对流场各参数的影响规律,为后续分离介质为牛顿流体的离心机流场理论研究提供了分析基础。在充分考虑固、液两相流动特点的基础上,根据钻井液离心机的结构特点和工作原理,提出了涉及初始沉降位置对离心机分离效果影响的钻井液离心机固相颗粒沉降模型。分析了钻井液由不同形状布料口到达转鼓自由液面的流动过程,提出了离心机初始沉降位置计算方法。为针对不同流变性流体的离心机分离性能计算提供了理论基础。推导出不同流动状态下液相周向速度、轴向速度以及固相沉降速度的计算表达式,最终提出了分离介质为牛顿流体时的钻井液离心机捕集效率和分离效率计算方法。该方法揭示了牛顿流体参数、离心机结构参数、操作参数与分离性能之间的关系。针对幂律流体,建立了分离介质为非牛顿流体时的钻井液离心机数值模拟分析模型,并进行了离心机分离实验,以验证该方法的正确性和准确性。对比研究了幂律流体与牛顿流体在离心机中流动特性,分析了速度场、固相体积分布、剪切速率、粘度和湍流强度等在离心机中的分布规律。为介质为幂律流体的离心机转鼓流场理论研究奠定了基础。研究了幂律流体稠度系数和流性指数对离心机内流特性的影响,发现幂律流体稠度系数对离心机流场的影响与牛顿流体粘度对内流特性的影响具有相似的规律,而流性指数对离心机流场的影响充分反映了幂律流体假塑性流型的剪切稀释性。建立了描述钻井液离心机转鼓内幂律流体流动的N-S方程,提出了转鼓内幂律流体速度分布计算方法。分析了幂律流体为介质时转鼓中固相颗粒受力,得到了离心力场中颗粒在幂律流体中的干涉沉降速度表达式。结合钻井液离心机颗粒沉降模型,提出了幂律流体为介质的钻井液离心机捕集效率和分离效率计算方法。该方法首次揭示了幂律流体流变参数、离心机结构参数、操作参数与分离性能之间的关系。分析了离心机转鼓内部流体造成的能量消耗机理,并推导了能耗的无量纲表达式。编制了针对不同流变性流体的钻井液离心机分离性能预测软件。以大处理量、高分离效率和低能耗为目标,编制了钻井液离心机操作参数优化软件。以上两个软件将理论研究和工程实际紧密结合起来,具有较强的实际指导意义。
[Abstract]:As a separation machine, the performance of drilling fluid centrifuge is closely related to the properties of the separation medium, and because of the complex internal structure, the centrifuge has been facing the problem of backward theoretical research, the lack of basic theory and the guidance of quantitative research results in the process of production and application; the principle of work doomed the centrifuge to "deal with the amount" of the centrifuge, "high" In the face of the above problems, the flow field of drilling fluid centrifuge for different rheological fluids is studied in this paper. The flow law and separation mechanism of Newton fluid and non Newton fluid in centrifuge are discussed by combining numerical simulation and theoretical research. The influence of different parameters on the internal flow characteristics of centrifuge is analyzed. The solid particle sedimentation model of drilling fluid centrifuge is proposed. The separation efficiency calculation method of drilling fluid centrifuge for different rheological fluids is obtained. The operation parameters of centrifuge are optimized with the objective of large amount of processing, high separation efficiency and low energy consumption, and the analysis of the centrifuge operation parameters is made. The main research contents are as follows: in view of the structure characteristics of the drilling fluid centrifuge, the numerical simulation model of the centrifuge flow field is established, which takes the shape of the cloth mouth, the rotating speed difference of the spiral feeder and the solid liquid separation of the multi particle particle, and proves the feasibility of the method by comparison with the experimental data. The influence law of the rotational speed difference on the parameters of the flow field is analyzed. The analysis foundation is provided for the theoretical study of the centrifuge flow field of the Newton fluid for the subsequent separation medium. On the basis of the characteristics of the solid and liquid two phase flow, the separation of the centrifuge from the initial settlement position is put forward on the basis of the characteristics of the fluid two phase flow and the working principle of the drilling fluid centrifuge. The effect of the drilling fluid centrifuge solid particle settlement model is analyzed. The flow process of the drilling fluid from different shape cloth entrance to the free liquid surface of the drum is analyzed. The calculation method of the initial settlement position of the centrifuge is put forward. The theoretical basis is provided for the separation performance calculation of the centrifuge for different rheological fluids. The calculation expression of the circumferential velocity of the liquid phase, the axial velocity and the settling velocity of the solid phase are given. Finally, the calculation method for the capture efficiency and separation efficiency of the drilling fluid centrifuge for the separation medium is Newton fluid. This method reveals the relation between the parameters of the Newton fluid, the structural parameters of the centrifuge, the relation between the parameters of the centrifuge and the separation performance. Fluid, the centrifuge centrifuge numerical simulation analysis model is established when the separation medium is non Newton fluid, and the centrifuge separation experiment is carried out to verify the correctness and accuracy of the method. The flow characteristics of power law fluid and Newton fluid in centrifuge are compared and studied. The velocity field, solid volume distribution, shear rate and viscosity are analyzed. The distribution law of the turbulence intensity and so on in centrifuge is established. It lays the foundation for the theoretical study of the centrifugal drum flow field of the centrifuge with power law fluid. The influence of the consistency coefficient of power law fluid and the flow index on the internal flow characteristics of centrifuge is studied. The influence of the consistency of power law fluid on the flow field of centrifuge and the viscosity of Newton fluid on the inner flow field are found. The effect of the sex is similar, and the influence of the flow index on the flow field of the centrifuge fully reflects the shear dilution of the pseudoplastic flow pattern of the power law fluid. A N-S equation is established to describe the flow of power law fluid in the rotary drum of the drilling fluid centrifuge, and the method of calculating the velocity distribution of the power law fluid in the drum is proposed. The expression of interference settling velocity of particles in power law fluid in centrifugal force field is obtained by the force of solid particles in the drum. The calculation method of the efficiency and separation efficiency of drilling fluid centrifuge with power law fluid as medium is put forward by combining with the particle settlement model of drilling fluid centrifuge. The method for the first time reveals the rheological parameters of power law fluid and centrifuge. The relationship between structural parameters, operating parameters and separation performance. The energy consumption mechanism caused by the internal fluid of the centrifuge drum is analyzed, and the dimensionless expression of energy consumption is derived. The software for predicting the separation performance of drilling fluid centrifuges for different rheological fluids is developed. The goal is to use large quantity, high separation efficiency and low energy consumption as the goal. The software for optimizing operation parameters of drilling fluid centrifuge has been made. The above two softwares closely combine theoretical research with engineering practice, and have strong practical guiding significance.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE92
本文编号：2144854
[Abstract]:As a separation machine, the performance of drilling fluid centrifuge is closely related to the properties of the separation medium, and because of the complex internal structure, the centrifuge has been facing the problem of backward theoretical research, the lack of basic theory and the guidance of quantitative research results in the process of production and application; the principle of work doomed the centrifuge to "deal with the amount" of the centrifuge, "high" In the face of the above problems, the flow field of drilling fluid centrifuge for different rheological fluids is studied in this paper. The flow law and separation mechanism of Newton fluid and non Newton fluid in centrifuge are discussed by combining numerical simulation and theoretical research. The influence of different parameters on the internal flow characteristics of centrifuge is analyzed. The solid particle sedimentation model of drilling fluid centrifuge is proposed. The separation efficiency calculation method of drilling fluid centrifuge for different rheological fluids is obtained. The operation parameters of centrifuge are optimized with the objective of large amount of processing, high separation efficiency and low energy consumption, and the analysis of the centrifuge operation parameters is made. The main research contents are as follows: in view of the structure characteristics of the drilling fluid centrifuge, the numerical simulation model of the centrifuge flow field is established, which takes the shape of the cloth mouth, the rotating speed difference of the spiral feeder and the solid liquid separation of the multi particle particle, and proves the feasibility of the method by comparison with the experimental data. The influence law of the rotational speed difference on the parameters of the flow field is analyzed. The analysis foundation is provided for the theoretical study of the centrifuge flow field of the Newton fluid for the subsequent separation medium. On the basis of the characteristics of the solid and liquid two phase flow, the separation of the centrifuge from the initial settlement position is put forward on the basis of the characteristics of the fluid two phase flow and the working principle of the drilling fluid centrifuge. The effect of the drilling fluid centrifuge solid particle settlement model is analyzed. The flow process of the drilling fluid from different shape cloth entrance to the free liquid surface of the drum is analyzed. The calculation method of the initial settlement position of the centrifuge is put forward. The theoretical basis is provided for the separation performance calculation of the centrifuge for different rheological fluids. The calculation expression of the circumferential velocity of the liquid phase, the axial velocity and the settling velocity of the solid phase are given. Finally, the calculation method for the capture efficiency and separation efficiency of the drilling fluid centrifuge for the separation medium is Newton fluid. This method reveals the relation between the parameters of the Newton fluid, the structural parameters of the centrifuge, the relation between the parameters of the centrifuge and the separation performance. Fluid, the centrifuge centrifuge numerical simulation analysis model is established when the separation medium is non Newton fluid, and the centrifuge separation experiment is carried out to verify the correctness and accuracy of the method. The flow characteristics of power law fluid and Newton fluid in centrifuge are compared and studied. The velocity field, solid volume distribution, shear rate and viscosity are analyzed. The distribution law of the turbulence intensity and so on in centrifuge is established. It lays the foundation for the theoretical study of the centrifugal drum flow field of the centrifuge with power law fluid. The influence of the consistency coefficient of power law fluid and the flow index on the internal flow characteristics of centrifuge is studied. The influence of the consistency of power law fluid on the flow field of centrifuge and the viscosity of Newton fluid on the inner flow field are found. The effect of the sex is similar, and the influence of the flow index on the flow field of the centrifuge fully reflects the shear dilution of the pseudoplastic flow pattern of the power law fluid. A N-S equation is established to describe the flow of power law fluid in the rotary drum of the drilling fluid centrifuge, and the method of calculating the velocity distribution of the power law fluid in the drum is proposed. The expression of interference settling velocity of particles in power law fluid in centrifugal force field is obtained by the force of solid particles in the drum. The calculation method of the efficiency and separation efficiency of drilling fluid centrifuge with power law fluid as medium is put forward by combining with the particle settlement model of drilling fluid centrifuge. The method for the first time reveals the rheological parameters of power law fluid and centrifuge. The relationship between structural parameters, operating parameters and separation performance. The energy consumption mechanism caused by the internal fluid of the centrifuge drum is analyzed, and the dimensionless expression of energy consumption is derived. The software for predicting the separation performance of drilling fluid centrifuges for different rheological fluids is developed. The goal is to use large quantity, high separation efficiency and low energy consumption as the goal. The software for optimizing operation parameters of drilling fluid centrifuge has been made. The above two softwares closely combine theoretical research with engineering practice, and have strong practical guiding significance.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE92
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