甘蔗中植物化学素组成及其中甾醇功能活性和相关机理的研究
发布时间：2018-11-25 13:37
【摘要】：随着社会生活水平提高,国民健康正面临非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)、肠道炎症等一系列"现代病"的挑战。利用天然活性物质对这类疾病进行防治,正得到国际社会越来越多的关注。本文旨在对甘蔗中主要植物化学素含量分布、物化性质、生理功能及其作用机理开展基础性研究,为未来以甘蔗为原料开发功能活性物质提供基础实验依据。论文主要研究结果为:1.甘蔗节中总三萜含量最高。总多酚、总黄酮、总植物甾醇在甘蔗皮中含量最高。绿皮甘蔗比红皮甘蔗含有更多的植物甾醇,更少的总多酚和总黄酮。总多酚和总黄酮含量与DPPH自由基清除能力和FRAP还原能力正相关。2.甘蔗不皂化植物化学素主要含45.17%的1-二十八烷醇、9.12%的豆甾醇、8.23%的β-谷甾醇和4.5%的菜油甾醇。不同温度条件下不皂化物氧化反应不同。在245.64±2.04℃以下,不皂化物稳定。然而当温度继续上升时,不皂化物以及其氧化产物会发生氧化反应。3.利用直接皂化法联用反向HPLC测得豆甾醇(不同部位约含883.3±23.5～1823.9±24.5μg/gDW)和 β-谷甾醇(不同部位约含 117.6±19.9～801.4±33.5μg/gDW)是甘蔗中两种主要甾醇,而且最多87.0%的豆甾醇和87.5%的β-谷甾醇是以甾醇糖苷和脂酰基甾醇糖苷形式存在的。4.最优提取条件(液料比=7.94:1ml/g,提取温度=50℃,提取时间=5.98h)下,蔗脂提取得率为6.55±0.28%,与预测值6.47%接近。皂化后用固液萃取进行纯化,测得甘蔗中主要含有β-谷甾醇、豆甾醇和菜油甾醇,还含有一些微量甾醇包括岩藻甾醇、禾本甾醇等。5.小鼠经DSS处理,产生严重的急性结肠炎,小肠上皮细胞脱落,杯状体损坏。豆甾醇和β-谷甾醇显著抑制了结肠的萎缩、降低了粪便中血红素含量,改善了急性结肠炎病理学评分(P0.05)。两种植物甾醇显著抑制了集落刺激因子-1表达,阻止核因子-κB(NF-κB)p65向细胞核转移,豆甾醇还抑制了环氧合酶-2的表达。豆甾醇相对β-谷甾醇具有更高的抗炎症活性。6.豆甾醇和β-谷甾醇显著降低了肝重、肝脂含量、血脂含量并改善脂肪肝病理学评分。植物甾醇通过降低小肠中胆汁酸的浓度来降低脂类物质在小肠内的吸收,增加粪便中脂类物质的排出。肝脏中共测得脂类物质192种,其中豆甾醇处理组相对对照组显著改变了63种脂类物质,β-谷甾醇仅仅显著改变了7种。在血浆中总共测得脂类物质219种,豆甾醇处理组相对对照组显著改变了39种脂类物质,β-谷甾醇显著改变了54种。与β-谷甾醇不同,豆甾醇还通过降低血液循环中神经酰胺含量来抑制肝脏中脂代谢基因(SCD1、FAS)的表达。实验结果说明两种植物甾醇都能改善NAFLD,豆甾醇效果更好。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of social living standards, national health is facing a series of modern diseases, such as intestinal inflammation of non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD),). The use of natural active substances in the prevention and treatment of these diseases is receiving more and more attention from the international community. The purpose of this paper is to carry out basic research on chemical content distribution, physicochemical properties, physiological function and mechanism of action of main plant chemicals in sugarcane, and to provide basic experimental basis for the development of functional active substances using sugarcane as raw material in the future. The main results are as follows: 1. The total triterpene content in sugarcane was the highest. Total polyphenols, total flavonoids and total phytosterols were the highest in sugarcane peel. Green sugarcane contains more phytosterols, fewer total polyphenols and total flavonoids than red sugarcane. Total polyphenols and total flavonoids were positively correlated with DPPH radical scavenging ability and FRAP reduction ability. 2. The unsaponification phytochemicals of sugarcane mainly contained 45.17% 1-28 alkanol, 9. 12% soybean sterol, 8. 23% 尾-sitosterol and 4. 5% rapeseed oil sterol. The oxidation reaction of unsaponification was different at different temperature. Under 245.64 卤2.04 鈩，
本文编号：2356296
[Abstract]:With the improvement of social living standards, national health is facing a series of modern diseases, such as intestinal inflammation of non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD),). The use of natural active substances in the prevention and treatment of these diseases is receiving more and more attention from the international community. The purpose of this paper is to carry out basic research on chemical content distribution, physicochemical properties, physiological function and mechanism of action of main plant chemicals in sugarcane, and to provide basic experimental basis for the development of functional active substances using sugarcane as raw material in the future. The main results are as follows: 1. The total triterpene content in sugarcane was the highest. Total polyphenols, total flavonoids and total phytosterols were the highest in sugarcane peel. Green sugarcane contains more phytosterols, fewer total polyphenols and total flavonoids than red sugarcane. Total polyphenols and total flavonoids were positively correlated with DPPH radical scavenging ability and FRAP reduction ability. 2. The unsaponification phytochemicals of sugarcane mainly contained 45.17% 1-28 alkanol, 9. 12% soybean sterol, 8. 23% 尾-sitosterol and 4. 5% rapeseed oil sterol. The oxidation reaction of unsaponification was different at different temperature. Under 245.64 卤2.04 鈩，
本文编号：2356296
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