新型窄线宽光纤激光器与光纤传感器的研究

发布时间：2017-12-26 21:39

  本文关键词：新型窄线宽光纤激光器与光纤传感器的研究　出处：《北京交通大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 光纤光栅 F-P谐振腔 偏振保持光纤 窄线宽光纤激光器 光纤传感器

【摘要】：随着光纤光栅技术的不断发展,其作为光纤技术的重要器件在光纤传感和光纤激光器领域有着更为广泛的应用。基于光纤光栅的光纤传感器以其灵巧、体积小易于集成和抗电磁干扰等优点在小型化、多参量化和集成化方向的现代传感技术中发挥着越来越重要的作用。而单纵模窄线宽光纤激光器在相干光通信、长距离光纤传感、激光雷达以及太赫兹源等领域有着广阔的应用前景。本文针对几种特殊结构光纤光栅滤波器进行了详细的理论分析与实验研究,并将它们应用于光纤传感与光纤激光器领域中。采用自制的稀土掺杂光纤与多种腔结构对掺铒光纤激光器进行深入的理论与实验研究。取得的主要研究成果与创新点如下：1.采用耦合模理论分析了光纤光栅的光谱特性与滤波特性,利用传输矩阵法建立了拉锥型(普通和保偏)啁啾光纤光栅的理论模型,理论与实验详细分析了拉锥型(普通和保偏)啁啾光纤光栅的光谱和滤波特性。深入研究了啁啾光纤光栅自身参数与拉锥参数对其光谱和滤波特性的影响,同时引入拉锥产生的损耗因子对其模型进行修正。进一步研究了拉锥型保偏啁啾光纤光栅偏振态对其光谱和滤波特性的影响。2.提出并搭建了一种基于均匀光纤光栅组的二维空间定位传感系统,利用光纤光栅轴向应力传感器的原理,将压力参量转化为光纤光栅的轴向应力参量,通过观测光纤光栅谐振波长的变化,实现二维空间的定位。3.提出并搭建了基于保偏拉锥型啁啾光纤光栅与保偏长周期光纤光栅的多参量光纤传感器。对于保偏拉锥型啁啾光纤光栅,理论与实验深入研究该光纤光栅不同偏振态上的透射峰波长以及光栅的透射深度与应力、温度和扭转的关系,得到一个应力、温度和扭转同时测量的光纤传感器。对于保偏长周期光纤光栅,实验研究该光栅不同模式耦合产生的透射峰波长和透射深度以及不同偏振态上的透射峰波长和透射深度与温度、折射率和扭转的关系,得到一个温度、折射率和扭转同时测量的光纤传感器。4.根据拉锥型啁啾光纤光栅的理论,提出了一种线形腔单纵模窄线宽光纤激光器,详细分析了可饱和吸收体的工作原理,结合拉锥型啁啾光纤光栅窄带滤波器和可饱和吸收体共同作用实现单纵模激光输出,采用洛伦兹拟合得到激光器20dB线宽约为27.7kHz。进一步根据保偏拉锥型啁啾光纤光栅的理论,提出了一种基于保偏拉锥型光纤光栅滤波器与可饱和吸收体的环形腔可切换双波长光纤激光器,实验实现了两个波长任意切换的单纵模窄线宽激光输出。理论和实验研究了自反馈注入技术的工作原理,提出一种基于高掺杂浓度的掺铒光纤、拉锥型均匀光纤光栅和自反馈注入环的单纵模窄线宽DFB光纤激光器,实验测量有无自反馈注入环的激光器20dB线宽分别近似为10.3kHz和52.3kHz。5.理论分析了均匀光纤光栅单腔与多腔(对称腔与非对称腔)F-P滤波器的光谱特性和滤波特性,并实验制作了不同腔长的滤波器进行对比。提出了一种基于保偏均匀光纤光栅非对称腔F-P滤波器的环形腔可切换双波长单纵模窄线宽光纤激光器,洛伦兹拟合单波长激光输出的3dB线宽分别近似为4.8kHz和4.5kHz。进一步分析了啁啾光纤光栅单腔与多腔F-P滤波器的光谱特性和滤波特性,并实验制作了不同间隔的啁啾光纤光栅单腔滤波器进行比较。利用保偏啁啾光纤光栅单腔F-P滤波器的具有偏振依赖和超窄带滤波的特性,研制出室温下稳定输出的可切换可调谐双波长单纵模窄线宽光纤激光器。实验测量出两个单波长激光输出的20dB线宽分别为16.9kHz和17.1kHz,对应3dB线宽约为0.845kHz和0.855kHz。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) technology, as an important component of optical fiber technology, it has a more extensive application in the field of fiber sensing and fiber laser. Fiber Bragg grating based fiber sensor is playing an increasingly important role in the modern sensing technology of miniaturization, multi parameter quantization and integration for its advantages of dexterity, small volume, easy integration and anti electromagnetic interference. The single longitudinal mode narrow linewidth fiber laser has broad application prospects in coherent optical communication, long distance fiber sensing, laser radar and terahertz source. In this paper, several special structure FBG filters are analyzed theoretically and experimentally, and they are applied in the field of fiber sensing and fiber lasers. A theoretical and experimental study of erbium doped fiber laser is carried out by using a homemade rare earth doped fiber and a variety of cavity structures. The main research results and innovations are as follows: 1. by using the coupled mode theory to analyze the spectral characteristics and filtering characteristics of fiber grating, a taper type by using the transfer matrix method (ordinary and polarization) model of chirped fiber grating, theoretical and experimental analyses tapered (ordinary and polarization spectroscopy) and the filtering characteristics of chirped fiber grating. The influence of chirped fiber grating's own parameters and tapered parameters on its spectral and filtering characteristics is studied. Meanwhile, the loss factor is introduced to correct the model. The influence of the polarization state of the taper type polarization chirped fiber Bragg grating on its spectral and filtering characteristics is further studied. 2. put forward and set up a two-dimensional location sensing system based on uniform fiber grating group, using fiber grating axial force sensor principle, the pressure parameters are converted to axial fiber grating stress parameters by changing the resonant wavelength of fiber grating observation, orientation of the two-dimensional space. 3. the multi parameter fiber sensor based on the polarization preserving taper chirped fiber grating and the polarization maintaining long period fiber grating (FBG) is proposed and built. The polarization tapered chirped fiber grating, theoretical and experimental research of the optical fiber gratings with different polarization states of the transmission peak wavelength and transmission depth of grating and the relationship between stress, temperature and torsion, a stress, temperature and torsion for simultaneous measurement of optical fiber sensor. For maintaining long period fiber grating, experimental study on different mode coupling of the grating the transmission peak wavelength and transmission depth and different polarization of the transmission peak wavelength and transmission depth and temperature, the refractive index and the reverse relationship, get a temperature, refractive index and optical fiber sensor with torsion measurement. 4. according to the tapered chirped fiber grating theory, proposes a linear cavity single longitudinal mode fiber laser with narrow linewidth, analyses in detail the working principle of saturable absorber, and the common action of the saturable absorber and single longitudinal mode laser output with tapered chirped fiber grating filter, using Lorenz fitted 20dB laser linewidth about 27.7kHz. According to the polarization tapered chirped fiber grating theory, a ring cavity saturable absorber switchable dual wavelength fiber laser based on polarization tapered fiber grating filter, experimental realization of single longitudinal mode two arbitrary switching wavelength narrow linewidth laser output. Theoretical and Experimental Research on the working principle of self feedback injection technology, proposes a uniform high doping concentration of erbium doped fiber, tapered fiber grating based on self feedback and injection ring single longitudinal mode DFB fiber laser with narrow linewidth, experimental measurement with no self feedback injection laser linewidth of 20dB ring is approximately 10.3kHz and 52.3kHz respectively. 5., we theoretically analyze the spectral characteristics and filtering characteristics of F-P filters with single and multiple cavity (symmetrical cavity and asymmetric cavity), and compare the filters with different cavity lengths. A ring cavity switchable dual wavelength Dan Zong mode narrow linewidth fiber laser based on polarization maintaining uniform fiber grating asymmetric cavity F-P filter is proposed. The 3dB linewidth of Lorenz fitting single wavelength laser output is approximately 4.8kHz and 4.5kHz, respectively. The spectral characteristics and filtering characteristics of the single and multi cavity F-P filters of chirped fiber grating are further analyzed, and the chirped fiber grating single cavity filters with different spacing are experimentally compared. Based on polarization dependent and ultra narrow band filtering properties of polarization preserving and chirped fiber grating single cavity F-P filters, a tunable dual wavelength single longitudinal mode narrow linewidth fiber laser at room temperature is developed. The 20dB line width of two single wavelength laser outputs is 16.9kHz and 17.1kHz respectively, and the corresponding 3dB line width is about 0.845kHz and 0.855kHz.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN248;TP212
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本文编号：1338941