长春市城区浅层地热能评价及地下水源热泵采灌模式研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 11:54

本文选题：浅层地温能 + 适宜性评价　；参考：《吉林大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：在国际环境提倡可再生能源替代传统能源结构背景下,地热资源作为太阳能资源重要组成部分,能为我国经济腾飞做出巨大贡献,近些年已有一些科学研究者对浅层地热能开发进行了研究,加快了地热资源开发利用的进程,并成为地下水科学与工程学科发展新方向。本文通过对长春城区浅层地温能资源调查研究,揭示了研究区岩土热储条件及浅层地温场分布规律,并对浅层地温能资源的开发利用进行适宜性区划,在此基础上采用数值模拟技术,对研究区地热能资源采灌模式进行模拟,计算出长春城区浅层地温能资源总量,为长春市浅层地温能开发利用提供重要数据支撑和科学可行方案。得出以下几点认识:(1)论文对长春城区浅层地温能赋存的岩土特征进行了分析。区内伊通河谷赋存的孔隙水和台地区基岩裂隙水的富水性、水温、水质等因素制约着浅层地温能利用。其中,伊通河谷地区地下水剩余资源量较多,且回灌条件好,可以在水质满足要求的基础上进行水源热泵的开发利用。台地区贾家洼子和四间房基岩富水带的地下水水质较好,但剩余水资源量较少;兴隆沟富水地段,剩余水资源量较多,应适当增加该区地下水资源开采比例,将地下水更多应用于供热,使能源利用最大化。(2)论文对不同的岩性的地貌单元进行了实际热物性参数测试,取得了背景数据,总结出区内三种不同类型地层结构的热物性参数。在此基础上,对研究区温度场进行了研究,分析不同位置钻孔、不同深度的岩层温度变化情况,结果显示,长春城区平均地温梯度为2.88℃/100m,从全区浅层地温能分布规律来看,城区外围地温低,城区内地温相对较高,该结论为长春城区浅层地温能利用范围的选取提供了明确而可靠的方向。(3)论文采用层次分析方法结合GIS对长春城区水源热泵和地埋管地源热泵的适宜区进行了评价,将研究区分为水源热泵的适宜区、较适宜区、一般适宜区和不适宜区。分别为:Ⅰ区(贾家洼子-八里堡-兴隆沟基岩裂隙含水带以西地区)为地下水源热泵不适宜区,Ⅱ区八里堡富水带为地下水源热泵适宜区,Ⅱ区贾家洼子-兴隆沟段和Ⅲ区伊通河谷地区大部分地区是建立水源热泵开发系统的较适宜区和一般适宜区。(4)论文在水源热泵的适宜区建立了浅层地温能开发利用的水-热耦合模拟模型,采用TOUGH2软件进行求解,利用研究区内的水温和压力观测资料对所建模型进行识别和验证,以2011年为现状年,对研究区未来10年的温度场和压力场进行预测;并探讨了研究区内地下水源热泵系统抽水井和回灌井在不同采灌模式下的温度场和压力场变化及发生热突破时间等问题。结论如下:(1)在单抽单灌模式下,即抽水井沿着水力坡度方向指向回灌井的情况下,设计抽水量为Ⅱ区、Ⅲ区为500 m3/d、800 m3/d、1500 m3/d,分别在30m、50m、80m、100 m和150 m的抽灌井间距下,对热突破时间、抽灌量与合理井间距的关系进行模拟计算。结果显示:Ⅲ区发生热突破的时间要长于Ⅱ区;系统运行10年后,Ⅱ区温度场整体下降0.7℃,Ⅲ区温度场整体下降0.6℃;到2022年,热储压力降幅为6.1×104Pa。(2)在单抽双灌模式下,分别模拟5种布井方案。在综合考虑热突破和温度场影响下,可以得出如下结论:直线型布井方案a(两口回灌井位于抽水井同侧,且抽水井位于上游)和折线型布井方案d(两口回灌井与抽水井垂直排列,且抽水井位于上游)为最佳布井方案。抽水量500 m3/d、800 m3/d和1500 m3/d时,合理布井间距为Ⅱ区75m、90m和150m,Ⅲ区70 m、90m和150m。相应的布井方案下,水源热泵系统运行10年对温度场的影响范围为400m×200m,温度场整体降幅0.5℃。到2022年,热储压力降幅为5.1×104Pa,年水位变幅0.52m。(5)论文采用热均衡理论计算研究区浅层地温能容量。结果显示:Ⅱ区热容量为3.9×1013kJ,Ⅲ区热容量为8.1×1013kJ,合计热容量为1.2×1014kJ。从计算结果看出,在Ⅱ区和Ⅲ区地下水赋存区域,地下水是重要的热储介质,热容量相对较高。在地下水源热泵、土壤源热泵系统换热功率计算中,将最佳井间距引入地下水量折算法中,用来计算区域换热功率,结论为:长春市伊通河谷松散砂砾石与青山口基岩风化带含水层地下水地源热泵系统总换热功率为33.4×104 kW(冬季)、66.8×104 kW(夏季),可为668×104m2建筑物供暖,为835×104m2建筑物制冷。
[Abstract]:Under the background of promoting renewable energy instead of traditional energy structure in the international environment, geothermal resources, as an important component of solar energy resources, can make great contributions to China's economic take-off. In recent years, some scientific researchers have studied the development of shallow geothermal energy, accelerated the development and utilization of geothermal resources, and became underground. The new direction of water science and engineering development. Through the investigation of the shallow geothermal energy resources in Changchun City, this paper reveals the geothermal storage conditions and the distribution of shallow geothermal field in the study area, and makes a suitable zoning for the exploitation and utilization of shallow geothermal energy resources. On this basis, the geothermal energy resources in the study area are applied to the geothermal energy resources in the study area. The total amount of shallow geothermal energy resources in Changchun urban area is calculated, which provides important data support and scientific feasible scheme for the development and utilization of shallow geothermal energy in Changchun city. The following points are obtained: (1) the paper analyses the geotechnical characteristics of shallow geothermal energy stored in Changchun urban area. The water rich, water temperature and water quality of the bedrock fractured water in the platform area restrict the utilization of shallow geothermal energy. Among them, the amount of the residual resources of groundwater in the Yitong valley area is more, and the recharge conditions are good. The water source heat pump can be developed and utilized on the basis of the water quality requirements. The groundwater of the Jia Jia depression and the four bedrock rich water zones in the platform area The water quality is better, but the amount of residual water resources is less; the amount of surplus water is more abundant in the rich water area of the Xing Long Gully. It is necessary to appropriately increase the ratio of groundwater resources exploitation in this area, apply the groundwater more in heating and maximize the utilization of energy. (2) the actual thermal physical parameters of different lithologic geomorphic units are tested and background data have been obtained. The thermo physical parameters of three different types of stratigraphic structures in the area are summed up. On this basis, the temperature field of the study area is studied. The temperature changes of different boreholes and different depths are analyzed. The results show that the average geothermal gradient in Changchun urban area is 2.88 /100m. The temperature of the urban area is relatively high. This conclusion provides a clear and reliable direction for the selection of the shallow geothermal energy utilization in Changchun urban area. (3) the paper uses analytic hierarchy process to evaluate the suitable area of water source heat pump and ground source heat pump in Changchun City, which will be distinguished as the suitable area of water source heat pump. The suitable area, the general suitable area and the unsuitable area are: area I (Jia Jia Wa Zi - eight liipu - Xing Long Gou base rock fissure water zone in the west area) is an unsuitable area for underground water source heat pump, and the eight Libao water rich zone in the second area is the suitable area for underground water source heat pump, and the water source is established in the most areas of the Jia Jia Wa Zi Xing Long Gou section and the third area Yitong Valley region in the second region. The suitable area and general suitable area for the heat pump development system. (4) the water heat coupling simulation model of shallow layer geothermal energy is established in the suitable area of the water source heat pump. The model is solved by TOUGH2 software. The model is identified and verified by the observation data of water temperature and pressure in the study area. In the year of 2011, the model is used for research and research. The temperature field and pressure field in the next 10 years are predicted, and the temperature field and pressure field change of the pumping well and the recharge well in the groundwater source heat pump system in the study area are discussed. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the pumping well is directed back in the direction of hydraulic gradient under single pumping and single injection mold. Under the condition of well irrigation, the design pumping amount is 2 area, the third area is 500 m3/d, 800 m3/d, 1500 m3/d. Under the spacing of 30m, 50m, 80m, 100 m and 150 m, the relationship between the heat breakthrough time and the rational well spacing is simulated. The results show that the time of heat breakthrough in the third zone is longer than that in the second zone; after the system operation, after 10 years, II zone The temperature field decreased by 0.7 degrees C, and the temperature field in the third area decreased by 0.6 degrees C. To 2022, the thermal storage pressure was reduced to 6.1 x 104Pa. (2) under single pumping and double irrigation mode, and 5 kinds of well distribution schemes were simulated respectively. Under the influence of heat breakthrough and temperature field, the following conclusion can be drawn: the linear well layout scheme a (two recharge wells are located on the same side of the pumping well, and pumping. " In the upper reaches of the water well and the folded line type well scheme D (two recharge wells and pumping wells vertically arranged, and the drainage well located at the upper reaches) is the best well distribution scheme. When the pumping amount is 500 m3/d, 800 m3/d and 1500 m3/d, the reasonable spacing of the well distribution is 75m, 90m and 150m, 70 m, 90m and 150m., the water source heat pump system operates for 10 years. The influence range of the degree field is 400m x 200m, the temperature field is reduced by 0.5 degrees Celsius. By 2022, the thermal storage pressure drop is 5.1 x 104Pa, the annual water level amplitude 0.52m. (5) is used to calculate the shallow geothermal capacity of the study area by the thermal equilibrium theory. The results show that the thermal capacity of the second region is 3.9 x 1013kJ, the thermal capacity of the third region is 8.1 x 1013kJ, the total heat capacity is 1.2 x 1014kJ.. From the calculation results, the groundwater is an important thermal storage medium and the thermal capacity is relatively high in the groundwater storage area in the second and third areas. In the underground water source heat pump and the calculation of the heat exchange power of the soil source heat pump system, the best well spacing is introduced into the subsurface water conversion method to calculate the regional heat transfer power. The conclusion is that the Changchun Yitong Valley pine is pine. The total heat transfer power of the ground water source heat pump system of the sandy gravel and the weathered zone of the Qingshankou bedrock is 33.4 x 104 kW (winter) and 66.8 * 104 kW (summer), which can be used for heating 668 x 104m2 buildings and refrigerating for 835 104m2 buildings.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P314

【参考文献】