普兰店湾海水交换与自净能力及污染应急对策研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 08:29

  本文选题：海水交换 + 普兰店湾　； 参考：《大连海事大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：海湾是沿海经济发展的重要自然资源,海水交换能力与自净能力对海洋环境的保护和污染排放的控制至关重要。本文以简单的二维定常流动为例,以N-S方程为基础,采用涡流函数方程,指出依据浓度方程计算水体交换率的不合理之处,并提出了水体交换能力与自净能力的计算方法。针对三维非定常流动,基于非定常的深度平均方程,采用粒子追踪等数值方法,建立了实用的三维浅海水体交换及自净能力的计算模型,为实际应用奠定了理论基础。普兰店湾具有河口溺谷型的海湾特征。以簸箕岛为界,东侧的内湾狭长拥窄,湾内围海养殖堤坝密布,内湾口口门南北分布着松木岛和三十里堡港口航运区。本文在掌握普兰店湾的资源环境与开发概况基础上,采用完整的深度平均浅水方程对普兰店湾的潮流场进行数值模拟,并利用实测数据对模拟结果进行验证。结合普兰店湾整治方案,分别基于粒子追踪法和浓度扩散方程对整治前后普兰店湾的海水交换率和自净率进行了计算。结果表明,整治后海水交换率由0.2增加到0.3,海水自净率由0.6增加到0.65,可见整治后普兰店湾的海水交换率与自净率虽有增加,但普兰店湾的溺谷特性使海水交换与自净能力未达到根本性改善。以簸箕岛为界的东侧海域狭长,整治后虽将湾内的堤坝拆除,平整了海岸线边界,但簸箕岛处的湾口宽度依然很窄,湾内的海水质点不容易借助对流与外湾达到交换,从而限制了整治后普兰店湾海水交换与自净能力的大幅提升。低至0.3的海水交换率意味着普兰店湾海域一旦发生溢油污染,污染物很容易长时间滞留在内湾,而内湾两岸的海域功能为工业与城镇区,在海域的环境承载能力如此脆弱的情况下,提高对该海域溢油污染风险的防范能力是非常必要的。本文从普兰店湾近岸海域分离出一株能降解石油烃的交替假单胞菌,该菌株在22℃、120r/min的条件下,对0#柴油7日降解率可达到47.2%,可为该区域海洋溢油污染生物修复提供菌源,为环境脆弱的普兰店湾应对溢油污染事故提供了生态、环保、安全的处理手段。
[Abstract]:The bay is an important natural resource for coastal economic development. The sea water exchange capacity and self-purification ability are very important to the protection of marine environment and the control of pollution discharge. In this paper, a simple two-dimensional steady flow is taken as an example. Based on N-S equation and eddy current function equation, the unreasonable calculation of water exchange rate based on concentration equation is pointed out, and the calculation method of water exchange capacity and self-purification ability is put forward. Based on the unsteady depth average equation and particle tracing numerical method, a practical calculation model for the exchange and self-purification of 3D shallow water body is established, which lays a theoretical foundation for practical application. Prandon Bay has the characteristics of estuarine drowning gulf. With Boji Island as the boundary, the inner bay on the east side is narrow and narrow, the inner bay is surrounded by a large dam of aquiculture, and the north and south of the entrance door of the inner bay are distributed with pine island and the port shipping area of Sanxibao. In this paper, based on the general situation of resources, environment and development of Prandan Bay, a complete depth average shallow water equation is used to simulate the tidal current field in Plantan Bay, and the simulation results are verified by the measured data. Based on particle tracing method and concentration diffusion equation, the seawater exchange rate and self-purification rate of Plantan Bay before and after treatment were calculated. The results showed that the seawater exchange rate increased from 0.2 to 0.3, and the seawater self-purification rate increased from 0.6 to 0.65. But the water exchange and self-purification capacity of Planton Bay has not been improved fundamentally. The narrow eastern sea area bounded by Boji Island, although the dike in the bay was removed after the renovation, leveling off the coastline boundary, the width of the inlet of the dustpan island is still very narrow, and the sea water particle in the bay is not easily exchanged with the outer bay by means of convection. This limits the capacity of sea water exchange and self-purification in Plantan Bay after regulation. A sea water exchange rate as low as 0.3 means that once oil spills occur in the sea area of Plantan Bay, pollutants can easily stay in the inner bay for a long time, while the functions of both sides of the inner bay are industrial and urban areas. When the environmental carrying capacity of the sea area is so fragile, it is necessary to improve the ability to prevent the oil spill risk in the sea area. In this paper, a petroleum hydrocarbon degrading Pseudomonas alternatus strain was isolated from the near shore of Plantan Bay. Under the condition of 22 鈩，

本文编号：1846968