情绪调节性别差异的脑网络研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 10:08

本文选题：情绪调节 + 性别差异　；参考：《电子科技大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：情绪调节是个体对情绪知觉、体验和反应过程施加影响的一种能力。这种能力可以有效地帮助个体理解和调节情绪,对于个体的身心健康极为重要。而在个体对情绪的知觉、体验和反应的调节过程中存在极大的性别差异。这种性别差异可能是造成男女易患不同精神疾病或情绪障碍的关键原因。然而,对这种情绪调节性别差异的生理机制我们仍然知之甚少。前人研究发现情绪调节涉及两条脑网络环路,第一条体现为前额叶对负性情绪产生系统的抑制,前额叶活动增强,导致杏仁核、脑岛活动减弱,这种负相关关系与成功的情绪调节有关;第二条体现为前额叶对正性情绪的激发,前额叶活动增强,导致伏隔核活动增强,这种正相关关系与成功的情绪调节有关。因此,本论文采用静息态功能磁共振技术,基于杏仁核、脑岛和伏隔核等情绪相关脑区的更精细图谱,考察了性别与情绪调节能力相关的脑网络差异模式,探讨男女情绪调节能力个体差异背后的生理机制。本研究主要创新点如下：1.基于杏仁核精细分区的静息态功能连接模式,结果发现情绪调节能力相关的性别差异仅表现在中央内侧杏仁核(Centromedial, CM)相关的静息态功能网络上。女性更高的情绪调节能力主要与背侧前脑岛和颞上回与CM的功能连接增强有关；而男性更高的情绪调节能力主要与内侧额上回与CM的功能连接增强有关。2.基于脑岛精细分区的静息态功能连接模式,结果发现男女情绪调节能力相关的性别差异仅表现在背侧前脑岛相关的静息态功能网络上。女性情绪调节能力越强,腹内侧眶额皮层和右侧背侧前脑岛连接越强；男性情绪调节能力越强,外侧眶额皮层和左侧背侧前脑岛的连接越弱。3.利用脑网络组图谱(Brainnetome atlas)和静息态功能连接分析方法,研究了左右侧伏隔核与脑网络组图谱中其余244个脑区之间的功能连接是否存在情绪调节能力的性别差异。研究发现情绪调节能力越强的男性,其右侧伏隔核与右侧后扣带的连接越强：情绪调节能力越强的女性,其右侧伏隔核与颞中回、背侧前脑岛的连接越强,以及左侧伏隔核与右侧额下回和背侧前脑岛的连接越强。4.在情绪面孔识别任务中,高情绪调节能力的男性对于情绪信息的加工更加有效率,高情绪调节能力的女性对于情绪信息加工的时间更长,可能涉及更多精细加工;在情绪调节任务中,高情绪调节能力的女性对负性情绪的调节更有效,高情绪调节能力男性对正性情绪的调节更有效；高情绪调节能力的男性认知重评得分显著高于低情绪调节能力的男性,而高情绪调节能力的女性的表达抑制得分约低于低情绪调节能力的女性。综上,我们利用静息态功能连接的方法,基于情绪调节环路核心脑区的精细图谱,系统地研究了男女情绪调节能力在情绪相关脑网络上的表征,并在行为上验证了情绪调节能力不同的男女在情绪知觉和调节过程中的性别差异。静息态的研究发现情绪调节的性别差异主要表现在中央内侧杏仁核、背侧前脑岛和伏隔核相关的神经环路上,并且男女具有不同的神经环路。男性涉及到自上而下的认知描述评估系统(主要是内侧额上回和后扣带)对中央内侧杏仁核和伏隔核的调节,以及自上而下的结果评估系统(主要是外侧眶额皮层)对背侧前脑岛的调节；女性涉及到自上而下的结果评估系统(主要是右侧额下回)、自下而上的知觉评估系统(主要是颞上回和颞中回)与情感评估系统(主要是背侧前脑岛)对中央内侧杏仁核和伏隔核的调节,以及自上而下的结果评估系统(主要是腹内侧眶额皮层)对背侧前脑岛的调节有关。可见对情绪的调节,男性主要是自上而下的系统参与,女性不仅有自上而下的系统,还涉及更多自下而上的系统参与,这可能是行为研究中高情绪调节能力的男性对于情绪信息的加工比女性更加有效率的原因。该研究的发现能够帮助我们更好地理解男女情绪调节个体差异的表象以及背后的生理机制,有助于针对不同性别制定更有效的改善方案,以改善个体的情绪调节能力,为治疗和避免情绪失调为主要特征的相关精神疾病提供参考。
[Abstract]:Emotional regulation is an individual's ability to influence emotional perception, experience, and reaction process. This ability can effectively help individuals understand and regulate emotions, and is extremely important to the individual's physical and mental health. There is a great gender difference in the individual's perception of emotion, experience and reaction. It may be the key cause of different mental and emotional disorders in men and women. However, we still know little about the physiological mechanisms of this kind of emotion regulation. Previous studies have found that emotional regulation involves two brain networks, the first is the inhibition of the prefrontal lobe to negative emotion, and the enhancement of prefrontal activity. In the amygdala, the activity of the amygdala and the insula are weakened, and this negative correlation is related to the successful emotional regulation; the second is the stimulation of positive emotion in the prefrontal lobe, the enhancement of prefrontal activity, and the enhancement of the nucleus accumbens activity, which is related to the successful emotional regulation. Therefore, this paper uses resting state functional magnetic resonance technology. In the amygdala, the insula, and the nucleus accumbens, the more detailed maps of the emotional related brain regions, such as the brain and the nucleus accumbens, have been used to investigate the brain network difference patterns related to the ability of sex and emotion regulation, and to explore the physiological mechanisms behind the individual differences in the ability to regulate the emotion of men and women. The main innovations of this study are as follows: 1. the resting state function connection mode based on the fine partition of the amygdala kernel is made. The gender differences related to emotion regulation were found only in the resting state function network related to the Centromedial (CM). The higher emotional adjustment ability of women was mainly related to the enhancement of functional connection between the anterior dorsal frontal insula and the upper temporal gyrus and CM, while the higher emotional adjustment ability of men was mainly with the medial frontal gyrus. The functional connection with CM enhanced the resting state function connection model based on the fine zoning of the insula. The results showed that the gender differences related to the emotional adjustment ability of men and women were only on the resting state function network related to the dorsal frontal insula. The stronger the ability of women's emotional regulation, the stronger the inner side of the frontal cortex and the right dorsal front of the forebrain island. The stronger the ability of the men's emotion regulation, the weaker the connection between the lateral orbital frontal cortex and the left dorsal forebrain island..3. uses the method of Brainnetome atlas and resting state function connection analysis to investigate whether the functional connection between the left and right nucleus accumbens and the other 244 brain regions in the brain network map spectrum has the ability of emotional regulation. The more powerful men with emotional regulation, the stronger the right ventricular septum and the right posterior cingulate: the stronger the mood regulating ability, the stronger the right ventricular septum and the middle temporal gyrus, the stronger the dorsal forebrain Island, and the stronger the.4. in the left ventricular septum and the right inferior frontal and dorsal forebrain Islands. In other tasks, men with high emotional regulation are more efficient in the processing of emotional information. Women with high emotional regulation can process emotional information longer and may involve more fine processing. In emotional adjustment tasks, women with high emotional regulation are more effective in regulating negative emotions and high emotional adjustment ability. Men are more effective in regulating positive emotions; men with high emotional regulation are significantly higher than men with low emotional regulation, while those with high emotional regulation are less than women with low emotional regulation. The fine map of the core brain area of the road was used to systematically study the characteristics of the emotional regulation ability of men and women on the emotional brain network, and to verify the gender differences between men and women with different emotional regulation ability in emotional perception and regulation. The nucleus, the dorsal anterior insula, and the nucleus accumbens associated with the nerve loop, and the men and women have different neural circuits. Men are involved in the top-down cognitive description assessment system (mainly the medial frontal and posterior cingles) regulating the central medial amygdala and nucleus accumbens, and the top-down outcome assessment system (mainly the lateral orbital forehead). Regulation of the island of the dorsal forebrain; women involved the top-down outcome assessment system (mainly the right and lower frontal gyrus), the top-down perception assessment system (mainly the upper temporal and middle temporal gyrus) and the emotional assessment system (mainly the dorsal anterior insula) Regulation of the central medial amygdala and nucleus accumbens, and the top-down results. The evaluation system (mainly the intraorbital frontal cortex) is related to the regulation of the dorsal forebrain island. It is seen that men are mainly involved in the top-down system. Women not only have a top-down system, but also involve more top-down system participation. This may be a man with high emotional regulation in the study of emotional letters. The findings of the study are more efficient than women. The findings can help us better understand the representation of individual differences in the mood of men and women, as well as the physiological mechanisms behind them, and help to make more effective improvements to different sexes in order to improve the individual's emotional tone ability and to treat and avoid emotional disorders. The characteristics of the related mental diseases provide reference.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R338

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