变换光学及其应用

发布时间：2018-06-08 01:17

本文选题：变换光学 + 人工特异介质　；参考：《浙江大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：自从2006年的变换光学隐身斗篷提出之后,变换光学理论迅速发展起来。各国的科研人员使用变换光学的方法设计了各种变换光学器件,比如隐身斗篷、天线罩、幻象光学器件等等。很多变换光学器件在实验上得到了验证。与此同时,变换光学也从最初的控制电磁波方面转向了各种物理场的人工调控中,比如应用于热学、声学、静电静磁学等等。本文从变换光学的理论推导出发,首先,推导了散度和旋度在任意坐标系下的表示方法,然后根据麦克斯韦方程组在坐标变换下的协变性推导出了在任意坐标变换下的空间参数与材料参数的转化关系。之后推导了共形变换以及导热方程的坐标变换理论。之后我们利用这些理论推导了如何消除二维平面介质奇异点的理论,并且利用该理论成功的将Zhukovsky共形变换设计的隐身斗篷中的奇异点消除。接下来就是变换光学在各种物理场下设计的新型器件。首先是新型微波器件的设计,我们实验验证了使用严格共形变换设计的微波隐身斗篷的性能,实验中使用了高介电常数介质粉末与刻有结构的印刷电路板来实现大范围介电常数的分布,实验证明了我们设计的隐身斗篷具有宽带、无波束横向位移等优点。我们也设计了相位阵列天线的天线罩,用来增大天线的偏转角度。我们使用了变换光学方法和几何光学方法分别设计了可以增大天线偏振角度的天线罩,并且进行了仿真。我们还使用变换光学的方法设计了表面等离子体激元的偏振旋转器和模式转换器。我们设计的器件具有结构紧凑的特点,在今后的光集成系统中可能发挥它的作用。我们还使用变换光学设计了两个新型热学器件。一个是均匀加热器件,不同于以往的电阻丝网络加热器,我们设计的加热器可以使用小热源获得一个大面积的高精度均匀加热,并通过实验验证了其效果。另外一个是热透镜,它具有许多新颖的功能,比如热聚焦、远程制冷、抑制热扩散等。我们通过仿真验证了其效果。对于多物理场的同时调控,我们设计了一个比较容易实现的多物理场隐身器件,并首次在实验上验证了其有效性。该隐身器件可以同时对电流和温度场隐身。最后,总结了全文,同时对变换光学器件的发展提出了展望。
[Abstract]:Since the introduction of the invisibility cloak in 2006, the theory of transformational optics has developed rapidly. Researchers in various countries have designed various optical devices, such as cloak, radome, phantom optics and so on. Many conversion optical devices have been verified experimentally. At the same time, transformational optics has changed from the original control of electromagnetic waves to the manual control of various physical fields, such as heat, acoustics, electrostatic magnetics and so on. In this paper, based on the theoretical derivation of transform optics, the representation of divergence and curl in any coordinate system is first derived. Then, according to the covariance of Maxwell's equations under coordinate transformation, the transformation relationship between space parameters and material parameters under arbitrary coordinate transformation is derived. Then the coordinate transformation theory of conformal transformation and heat conduction equation is deduced. Then we use these theories to deduce the theory of how to eliminate the singularity point of two-dimensional plane medium and successfully eliminate the singularity point in the stealth cloak designed by Zhukovsky conformal transformation. The next step is the design of a new device for transforming optics in a variety of physical fields. First of all, the design of new microwave device. We have verified the performance of microwave stealth cloak designed by strict conformal transformation. In the experiment, high dielectric constant dielectric powder and printed circuit board with structure are used to realize the distribution of dielectric constant in a wide range. The experiment proves that the stealth cloak we designed has the advantages of broadband, beamless transverse displacement and so on. We also designed the radome of the phase array antenna to increase the deflection angle of the antenna. We have designed the radome which can increase the polarization angle of the antenna by using the transform optics method and the geometric optics method, and have carried on the simulation. The polarization-rotator and mode converter of surface plasmon are also designed by means of transform optics. The device we designed has the characteristics of compact structure, which may play a role in the future optical integration system. We have also designed two new thermal devices using transformational optics. One is a uniform heater, which is different from the previous resistive wire network heater. The designed heater can use a small heat source to obtain a large area of high precision and uniform heating, and its effect is verified by experiments. The other is the thermal lens, which has many novel functions, such as thermal focusing, remote cooling, heat diffusion suppression and so on. The effect is verified by simulation. For the simultaneous control of multi-physical fields, we design a multi-physical field stealthy device which is easy to realize, and verify its effectiveness in experiments for the first time. The stealth device can conceal both current and temperature fields. Finally, the paper summarizes the full text, and puts forward the prospect of the development of the transformational optical device at the same time.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：O43

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