基于金刚石氮空位发光中心的量子调控实验研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 00:55

本文选题：金刚石 + NV色心　；参考：《中国科学技术大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：自从上世纪量子力学诞生以来,人类逐渐从量子层次加深了物质世界的认识。随着科学技术的方法,人类对物质世界的操控也到达了量子尺度,诞生了量子信息科学。对量子系统的操控将会对量子信息领域产生深远的影响。然而量子系统往往很容易受到外界环境的影响发生退相干,所以对量子系统的调控并非那么容易。目前,人类已经研究了各种各样不同的量子体系,金刚石氮位发光中心以其固态易集成,室温下相干时间长,能够用激光进行初始化和读出,还可以进行微波操控等优势受到越来越多的关注。本论文主要以金刚石中单个氮空位发光中心为研究对象进行量子调控实验研究本篇博士论文首先从金刚石氮空位发光中心(NV色心)基本性质开始,说明了NV色心电子自旋退相干因素的主要来源,简要分析了NV色心在精密测量领域和量子计算领域的应用。接着我们利用自已搭建的室温下光探测磁共振平台,实验证明了在NV色心量子体系上利用连续波动力学去耦,不仅将NV色心的相干时间延长了20倍,而且发现在进行量子控制的同时,量子逻辑门依然可以被很好的保护起来。这种方法可以解决利用脉冲动力学去耦的同时实现量子逻辑门操作的复杂问题,在需要量子控制时间远大于退相干时间的情况非常有用,同样也可以用在量子精密测量领域。然后我们利用金刚石中NV色心电子自旋和最近邻碳13C核自旋形成量子纠缠,利用量子纠缠研究了NV色心的非马尔科夫量子动力学行为,利用动力学解耦技术压制了环境噪声,揭示了环境中隐藏的量子非马尔科夫性.为了研究和利用NV色心的激发态性质,我们搭建了低温下光探测磁共振平台,利用斯塔克效应,实现了NV色心激发态能级的调节；同时结合固态浸入透镜技术,利用共振荧光方法,实现了NV色心电子自旋的单次读出,读出保真度约为90%.最后,对本论文做出总结,并分析了NV色心实现实用性量子计算,量子网络遇到的问题,展望了未来实用化量子网络的可能性解决方案.
[Abstract]:Since the birth of quantum mechanics in the last century, mankind has gradually deepened the understanding of the material world from the quantum level. With the methods of science and technology, the human control of the material world has reached the quantum scale, the birth of quantum information science. The manipulation of quantum systems will have a profound impact on the field of quantum information. However, quantum systems are often subject to the influence of external environment to decoherence, so it is not easy to regulate quantum systems. At present, a variety of quantum systems have been studied. Diamond nitrogen potential luminescence centers are easy to integrate with solid state, have long coherent time at room temperature, and can be initialized and read out by laser. Also can carry on the advantage such as microwave control to get more and more attention. This thesis focuses on the quantum control experiments of a single nitrogen vacancy luminescence center in diamond. This doctoral thesis begins with the basic properties of the NV color center of the diamond nitrogen vacancy luminescence center. The main sources of NV color center electron spin decoherence are explained, and the applications of NV color center in precision measurement and quantum computation are briefly analyzed. Then we use our own optical detection magnetic resonance platform at room temperature to prove that the coherent time of NV color center is increased by 20 times by using continuous wave mechanics decoupling on NV color center quantum system. It is also found that quantum logic gates can still be well protected while quantum control is carried out. This method can solve the complex problem of using pulse dynamics decoupling to realize quantum logic gate operation at the same time. It is very useful when quantum control time is much longer than decoherence time. It can also be used in the field of quantum precision measurement. Then we use the NV color center electron spin and the nearest carbon 13C nucleus spin to form quantum entanglement, we use quantum entanglement to study the non-Markov quantum dynamics of NV color center, and the dynamic decoupling technique is used to suppress the environmental noise. The hidden quantum non-Markov property in the environment is revealed. In order to study and utilize the excited state properties of NV color center, we set up a low temperature optical detection magnetic resonance platform, using the Stark effect to realize the regulation of the excited state level of the NV color center, and combining with the solid-state immersion lens technology, The single readout of NV color center electron spin is realized by using resonance fluorescence method. The readout fidelity is about 90. Finally, this paper summarizes the practical quantum computation of NV color center, the problems encountered by quantum network, and prospects the possible solutions of practical quantum network in the future.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：O413

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