基于光学变换的波束调控超材料器件研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 06:57

本文选题：光学变换 + 坐标变换　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：基于麦克斯韦方程组在坐标变换下的形式不变性,光学变换理论将空间变换等效成电磁本构参数变换来实现对电磁波的人为调控。光学变换理论提出后立即引起了光学、电磁学以及相关领域广大科研工作者的关注,它为设计出具有特殊电磁功能的超材料波束调控器件提供了有效途径。依据光学变换理论,研究人员提出了一些波束调控超材料器件,这些新型器件在电磁工程以及军事伪装等领域有着非常广阔的应用前景。然而,上述新型器件的电磁本构参数往往非常复杂,需要做近似或简化处理才有可能实现。因此,光学变换理论研究的重点为新型波束调控器件的设计和电磁本构参数的简化。本文从波束控制的角度出发提出了几种不同电磁特性的超材料器件,并开展了波束调控机理分析及验证。本文的主要研究内容概括如下:1.电磁隐身器件本构参数简化及隐身特性研究。首先,采用不同方法对圆柱形补偿媒质隐身罩的电磁本构参数进行简化,并分析简化参数隐身罩的隐身效果。其次,详细讨论了均匀媒质多边形曲面隐身毯的设计以及非磁性隐身毯本构参数的简化,分析了理想和简化参数隐身毯的隐身效果,并对由常规电介质FR4和F4B构成的隐身毯进行初步实验验证。2.光学变换中具有多种功能的超材料电磁罩研究。首先,提出了圆柱形和多边形两种不同结构的多功能罩,该多功能罩可用作隐身罩、透明罩和变形罩。同时,依据等效媒质理论,进一步探讨了由各向同性媒质构成的多边形多功能罩的实现方法。最后,采用仿真软件对多功能罩的电磁隐身、透明及变形功能进行仿真验证,并分析损耗等因素对三种功能的影响。3.基于光学变换理论,提出了可使物体的散射场发生旋转和变形的移位变形罩。首先,设计了补偿媒质和正媒质两种不同结构的旋转放大罩,这两种旋转放大罩可调控内部物体的散射场,使其等效成放大物体的散射场并旋转一定的角度。其次,提出了通过控制物体散射场使物体发生等效旋转和变小的旋转缩小罩。最后,对电磁罩的旋转变形特性进行验证。4.基于复合光学变换原理,提出了散射等效移位与变形特性的电磁罩。重点研究了使内部物体的形状等效成尺寸不变、线性放大、线性缩小以及不同形状等四种不同功能的电磁罩,同时,该罩还能使内部物体在二维方向上等效移位。最后,对正媒质移位罩的电磁本构参数进行简化,所得结果为移位罩的实际实现提供理论基础。5.基于有限嵌入式光学变换原理,提出了能够控制波束弯折的补偿媒质波束弯折器、分束器和波导弯折连接器,并针对波导弯折连接器存在弯折角度越小体积越大的问题,采用二次光学变换实现了体积的压缩。最后,对上述导波器件的波束弯折控制特性进行验证。本文的研究成果扩展了光学变换理论在电磁波人工调控领域的应用,丰富了对电磁波人工调控机制的进一步理解,并为波束调控器件向实际应用的转化提供了理论指导。
[Abstract]:Based on the invariance of the form of the Maxwell equation in the form of coordinate transformation, the theory of optical transformation is equivalent to the transformation of the space transformation into the electromagnetic constitutive parameter transformation to realize the artificial control of electromagnetic waves. The optical transformation theory is put forward immediately after the attention of many researchers in the field of optics, electromagnetism and related fields. According to the theory of optical transformation, the researchers have put forward some beamforming supermaterial devices. These new devices have very broad applications in the fields of electromagnetic engineering and military camouflage. However, the electromagnetic constitutive parameters of these new devices are often very important. It is complex that it is possible to make approximate or simplified treatment. Therefore, the focus of the research on the theory of optical transformation is the design of new beam control devices and the simplification of the electromagnetic constitutive parameters. In this paper, several kinds of supermaterial devices with different electromagnetic characteristics are proposed from the angle of beam control, and the mechanism analysis and verification of beam control are carried out. The main contents of this paper are summarized as follows: 1. the simplification of constitutive parameters and the study of the stealth characteristics of the electromagnetic stealth devices. Firstly, the electromagnetic constitutive parameters of the cylindrical compensation medium stealth cover are simplified by different methods, and the stealth effects of the simplified parameter stealth cover are analyzed. Secondly, the uniform medium polygon surface stealth blankets are discussed in detail. The design and the simplification of the constitutive parameters of the non magnetic stealth blanket are simplified. The stealth effect of the ideal and simplified parameter stealth blankets is analyzed. The preliminary experiments on the stealth blankets composed of conventional dielectric FR4 and F4B verify the study of the supermaterial electromagnetic cover with various functions in the.2. optical transformation. First, two different junctions of the cylindrical and the polygons are put forward. The multi-functional hood, which can be used as a stealth cover, a transparent cover and a deformable cover, is used to further discuss the realization of a polygon multi-function mask made up of isotropic medium based on the theory of the equivalent medium. Finally, the simulation software is used to simulate the electromagnetic hidden body, transparency and deformation function of the multi-functional cover. The influence of loss and other factors on the three functions.3. based on the theory of optical transformation, a shift and deformable mask which can make the scattering field of the object be rotated and deformed. First, a rotating magnifying cover is designed to compensate the medium and two different structures of the medium. The two kinds of rotating magnifying cover can be adjusted and controlled the scattering field of the internal object, so that it is equivalent to a magnifying body. The scattering field of the body is rotated and a certain angle is rotated. Secondly, a rotating shrink hood is proposed by controlling the scattering field of the object to make the object rotate and smaller. Finally, the rotational deformation characteristics of the electromagnetic cover are verified by.4. based on the principle of composite optical transformation, and the electromagnetic cover of the scattering equivalent displacement and deformation characteristics is proposed. The shape of the internal object is equivalent to four different functions such as size invariance, linear enlargement, linear reduction and different shapes. At the same time, the hood can also make the internal object shift equivalent in the two-dimensional direction. Finally, the electromagnetic constitutive parameters of the positive medium shift cover are simplified, and the results provide the theory of the actual implementation of the shift cover. Based on the principle of finite embedded optical transformation, the basic.5. has proposed a compensating medium beam bending device, a beam splitter and a waveguide flexural connector that can control the bending of the beam. The larger the bending angle of the waveguide flexural connector is, the volume compression is realized by two optical transformations. Finally, the above guide wave guide is made. The research results of this paper extend the application of optical transformation theory in the field of electromagnetic wave manual control, which enriches the further understanding of the artificial control mechanism of electromagnetic wave, and provides a theoretical guidance for the transformation of beam control devices to practical applications.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：O43;O441

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